Swim bladder

Mehrle, P.M., F.L. Mayer, and D.R. Buckler. 1981. Kepone and mirex effects on bone development and swim bladder composition in fathead minnows. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 110 638-643. 

Many fish have an organ called a swim bladder it helps them move up and down in the water without using extra energy. 

A swim bladder is a pouch that holds gas and works a bit like your octopus. Fish can fill or empty their swim bladder to give them the density they need to float or sink. More gas means they float upwards less gas means they sink. Fish have a unique ability to move oxygen into or out of their swim bladder from their blood. 

Most squid and octopus don t have a swim bladder. But there is one exception.The Ocythoe tuberculata is the only octopus that has a swim bladder, and only the females have one. It s also the only kind of octopus that doesn t lay eggs—it gives birth to live young. 

Fig. 8 Clofibrate impairs endotrophic lipid consumption in zebrafish larva (a-e) Whole-mount ORO staining of representative larvae are shown in lateral view with the anterior part to the left. Enlargement at the trunk level is shown in panels b and e. Control larva at 3 dpf (a) and 4 dpf (d, b). Clofibrate 0.75 mgA-treated larva at 3 dpf (c). Clofibrate 0.5 mg/l-treated larva at 4 dpf (f, e). e eye, da dorsal aorta, dlav dorsal longitudinal anastomotic vessel, h heart, i intestine, isv intersegmental vessel, pcv posterior cardinal vein, sb swim bladder, ys yolk sac. Reprinted from [24] with permission from Elsevier...

The Sudis gigas, a large osseous fish, upwards of six feet in length, is found at Para. ItB flesh is eaten by the lower classes in a dried and salted state, and its swimming bladder constitutes one of the kinds of... 

Patton, S. and Thomas, A.J. (1971). Composition of lipid foams from swim bladders of two deep ocean fish species. Journal of Lipid Research 12,331-335. 

Phleger, C.F. and Benson, A.A. (1971). Cholesterol and hyperbaric oxygen in swim-bladders of deep sea fishes. Nature, Lond. 230, 122. 

They appear in different isoforms mainly in fast twitching, white muscle tissues of fish but also in lower amounts in fish s dark muscle, swim bladder, and muscle tissues of all other vertebrates (Gerday 1982 Gerday et al. 1989 Kobayashi et al. 2006). Thus, fish mainly composed of dark meat, such as tuna or mackerel, was found to contain lower amounts of parvalbumin compared to fish with white meat (Hansen et al. 1997 Van Do et al. 2005 Chen et al. 2006). Different kinds of mackerel contain about 0.15-2mg/g parvalbumin in the white but only 0.02-0.5mg/g in the dark muscle (Kobayashi et al. 2006). 

Gelatin is a light-colored translucent solid that is produced by boiling animal tissue, skin, and bones. It has a very low melting point, and forms a semisolid colloidal gel when mixed with water. Most gelatin is produced as a by-product of the meat and leather industries. Historically, gelatin has also been produced from the swim bladders of some fish (isinglass), and from anders (hartshorn jelly). 

Certain people may object to the finings used in wines on moral grounds, but the lack of relevant additives listed on the label make it impossible for the consumer to be able to choose. Permitted finings include isinglass (from the swim bladder of certain tropical fish, especially the Chinese sturgeon), egg albumen, gelatine (from animal bones), modified casein (from milk), tannin (from wood), chitin (from the shells of crabs or lobsters) or ox blood (rarely used today). Non-animal alternatives include bentonite, kieselguhr and kaolin clays, and silica gel or solution. 

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