Suture braided

Braided Synthetic Nonabsorbable Sutures. Braided synthetic nonabsorbable sutures are made by melt-spinning thermoplastic polymers into fine filaments (yams), and braiding them, with or without a core, to form multifilament sutures in a range of sizes. Nylon-6,6 [32131 -17-2] (7) is a polyamide produced by the condensation polymerization of adipic acid and 1,6-hexanediamine. 

S entails the use of about 5 to 7.5 kGy of gamma radiation and a polyformaldehyde package insert capable of a radiolytic, controlled release of formaldehyde in a hermetically sealed package imder dry nitrogen. The process has been applied successfully to absorbable sutures without compromising their clinically relevant properhes, such as their in vivo breaking strength retention. Typical BSR data of radiochemically sterilized suture braids and controls are reported by Anneaux and co-workers. ... 

Physical Properties and In Vitro BSR of T5rpical Suture Braids... 

Absorbable sutures are classified by the USP into coUagen and synthetic sutures. Synthetic absorbable sutures are available as braids or monofilaments. Absorbable sutures are only intended for indications where temporary wound support is needed. 

Braided Synthetic Absorbable Sutures. Suture manufacturers have searched for many years to find a synthetic alternative to surgical gut. The first successful attempt to make a synthetic absorbable suture was the invention of polylactic acid [26023-30-3] suture (15). The polymer was made by the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide [95-96-5] (1), the cycUc dimer of L-lactic acid. 

Nonabsorbable Natural Sutures. Cotton and silk are the only nonabsorbable sutures made from natural fibers that are stiH available ia the United States. Cotton suture is made from fibers harvested from various species of plants belonging to the genus Gossipium. The fiber is composed principally of ceUulose. The seeds are separated from the cotton boUs, which are carded, combed, and spun iato yams that are then braided or twisted to form sutures ia a range of sizes (Table 4). The suture is bleached with hydrogen peroxide and subsequendy coated (finished or glaced) with starch and wax. The suture may be white or dyed blue with D C Blue No. 9. 

Silk (qv) suture is made from the threads spun by the silkworm Bombjx mori. The fiber is composed principally of the protein fibroin and has a natural coating composed of sericin gum. The gum is usually removed before braiding the silk yams to make sutures in a range of sizes. Fine silk sutures may be made by simply twisting the gum-coated silk yams to produce the desired diameter. White silk is undyed. Silk is either dyed black with logwood extract or blue with D C Blue No. 9. The suture may be uncoated or coated either with high molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane or with wax. 

Nylon monofilaments have found application in brush tufting, wigs, surgical sutures, sports equipment, braiding and outdoor upholstery. Nylons 610 and 11 have found extensive application in these fields because of their flexibility but nylon 66 is also used for brush tufting less than 0.0035 in. in diameter. Nylon 66/610 copolymer is used in the manufacture of a monofilament for angling purposes. 

SUTURE NONABS SZ 2-0 2.50 LG SILK BLACK UNARMED BRAIDED STER 36S 6515010758286 PG 101.85 ... 

Meanwhile Ethicon (and others) developed alternative absorbable surgical sutures, based, for example, on copolymers of polyglycolide with poly-L-lactide or poly(trimethylene carbonate), and on polydioxanone, and on poly(e-oxycaproate), and also on copolymers of these with polyglycolide or with each other. These different structures made it possible to provide fibres with different rates of absorption, with different degrees of stiffness or flexibility, and for use in monofilaments, braided multifilaments, and other yam structures, as required for different surgical operations. 

The same annealed braids were also subjected to in vivo BSR testing. The results are shown in Figure 1 for both the poly(L-lactide) and 95/5 poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide). These data showed that during the first 4-5 months, both sutures retained... 

Suture manufacture is specialized. In the production from raw materials or isolation from natural materials, purification is especially important because small amounts of by-products and contaminants can have a serious effect of the properties of the suture and the behavior within the patient. Processes for suture fabrication include melt spinning, extrusion, and braiding. 

Polyglycolic acid is a homopolymer of glycolide and was the initial synthetic suture offered for sale under the trade name of Dexon. It is formed into monofilaments from the melt with the filaments stretched as they are formed to assist in aligning the polymer chain, thus increasing the filament strength. Polyglycolic acid (structure 19.33) is also braided into sutures. 

Close the wound using 4-0 braided absorbable suture for the muscle layer and the skin with surgical staples. 

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