Surfaces Taylor

Hirst, D.M. (1985). Potential Energy Surfaces (Taylor and Francis, London). 

A. Chagas, J. Simoni, Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science Thermodynamics of Clay Surfaces (Taylor and Francis, New York, 2002), pp. 5355-5364... 

Itaya, K. (2006) Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Electrode Surfaces, Taylor Francis, pp. 5489-5509. 

We are advancing in the study of the photocatalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons using the TiOz/metal porphyrin hybrid catalyst and, herein, we report on the importance of surface tayloring of the TIO2 catalyst in order to improve the yields in cyclohexane oxidation. Results of the photo-oxidation of n-heptane and methylcyclohexane are also reported. In this case, the distribution of the photo-oxidation products provides some insight in how the regioselectivity is affected by the surface modification. 

Ever since the existence of active centers has been recognized it has been held that there can be several kinds of active centers on one surface. Taylor stated this specifically in 1926 (4). To take one example It is not at all unexpected that the claim has been made for several kinds of catalytically active alcohol adsorption sites on alumina-containing catalysts (5, 6). 

Sjoblom, J., 0ye, G., Glomm, W.R. et cd. (2006) Modern Characterization Techniques for Crude Oils, their Emulsions, and Functionalized Surfaces, Taylor Francis. 

Refinements were made by Lennard-Jones, Taylor, and Dent [51-53], including an allowance for surface distortion. Their value of for (100) planes of sodium chloride at 0 K was 77 ergs/cm. Subsequently, Shuttleworth obtained a value of 155 ergs/cm [43]. 

Simons J, Jorgensen P, Taylor H and Ozment J 1983 Walking on potential energy surfaces J. Phys. Chem. 87 2745... 

Fig. 5.16 Surface concentration of hydroxyl groups of silica, as a function of the temperature of dehydration. Data are +, from Fripiat and Uytterhoeven A, from Kiselev and Zhuralev O, from Taylor (cf.

A typical shock-compression wave-profile measurement consists of particle velocity as a function of time at some material point within or on the surface of the sample. These measurements are commonly made by means of laser interferometry as discussed in Chapter 3 of this book. A typical wave profile as a function of position in the sample is shown in Fig. 7.2. Each portion of the wave profile contains information about the microstructure in the form of the product of and v. The decaying elastic wave has been an important source of indirect information on micromechanics of shock-induced plastic deformation. Taylor [9] used measurements of the decaying elastic precursor to determine parameters for polycrystalline Armco iron. He showed that the rate of decay of the elastic precursor in Fig. 7.2 is given by (Appendix)... 

More general dynamic loading conditions can lead to more complex domains of tensile stress and spall. For example, in a Taylor impact experiment (Kipp and Davison, 1981), where a short cylinder of material is caused to undergo symmetric normal impact on the flat surface of a large block of material, a roughly spherical region within the cylinder is carried into dynamic tension and can undergo spall. 

The goal of all minimization algorithms is to find a local minimum of a given function. They differ in how closely they try to mimic the way a drop of water or a small ball would roll down the slope, following the surface curvature, until it ends up at the bottom. Consider a Taylor expansion around a minimum point Xq of the general one-dimensional function F(X), which can be written as... 

Single gas bubbles in an inviscid liquid have hemispherical leading surfaces and somewhat flattened wakes. Their rise velocity is governed by Bernoulli s theory for potential flow of fluid around the nose of the bubble. This was first solved by G. I. Taylor to give a rise velocity Ug of ... 

Gritzo, L. A, et al., 1995a, Heat Transfer to the Fuel Surface in Large Pool Fires, Transport Phenomenon in Combustion, S. H. Choa (ed.), Taylor and Francis Publishing, Washington, DC. 

The velocity potential for the flow field in front of an expanding piston surface can now be derived from the boundary condition so that at its surface the medium velocity equals the piston velocity. In this way, Taylor (1946) found... 

Figure 10-91B. Steam and condensate temperatures versus condenser length. Temperature distribution curve for the same multizone condenser as in Figure 10-91 A. Points A, E, and F are the same. Point B is above C, which locates the start of the wet desuperheating zone on the tube surface. (Used by permission Rubin, F. L. Heat Transfer Engineering, V. 3, No. 1, p. 49, 1981. Taylor and Francis, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. All rights reserved.)...

The Heterogeneity of Catalyst Surfaces for Chemisorption Hugh S. Taylor Alkylation of Isoparaffins V. N. Ipatieff and Louis Schmerling Surface Area Measurements. A New Tool for Studying Contact Catalysts P. H. Emmett... 

His researches and those of his pupils led to his formulation in the twenties of the concept of active catalytic centers and the heterogeneity of catalytic and adsorptive surfaces. His catalytic studies were supplemented by researches carried out simultaneously on kinetics of homogeneous gas reactions and photochemistry. The thirties saw Hugh Taylor utilizing more and more of the techniques developed by physicists. Thermal conductivity for ortho-para hydrogen analysis resulted in his use of these species for surface characterization. The discovery of deuterium prompted him to set up production of this isotope by electrolysis on a large scale of several cubic centimeters. This gave him and others a supply of this valuable tracer for catalytic studies. For analysis he invoked not only thermal conductivity, but infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. To ex-... 

Taylor Buxton (Ref 6) report that Ag oxalate is insensitive to impact. It expid with a weak puff when dropped on a hot metal surface at 260°, and at 232° on slow heating. 

In the Taylor-Prandtl modification of the theory of heat transfer to a turbulent fluid, it was assumed that the heat passed directly from the turbulent fluid to the laminar sublayer and the existence of the buffer layer was neglected. It was therefore possible to apply the simple theory for the boundary layer in order to calculate the heat transfer. In most cases, the results so obtained are sufficiently accurate, but errors become significant when the relations are used to calculate heat transfer to liquids of high viscosities. A more accurate expression can be obtained if the temperature difference across the buffer layer is taken into account. The exact conditions in the buffer layer are difficult to define and any mathematical treatment of the problem involves a number of assumptions. However, the conditions close to the surface over which fluid is flowing can be calculated approximately using the universal velocity profile,(10)... 

Obtain the Taylor-Prandtl modification of the Reynolds Analogy between momentum transfer and mass transfer (equimolecular counterdiffusion) for the turbulent flow of a fluid over a surface. Write down the corresponding analogy for heat transfer. State clearly the assumptions which are made. For turbulent flow over a surface, the film heat transfer coefficient for the fluid is found to be 4 kW/m2 K. What would the corresponding value of the mass transfer coefficient be. given the following physical properties ... 

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