Surface viscosity solubilization

In this paper, the results on solution and Interfaclal properties of a cationic celluloslcs polymer with hydrophobic groups are presented. Interaction of such polymers with added surfactants can be even more complex than that of "unmodified" polymers. In the past we have reported the results of Interactions of unmodified cationic polymer with various surfactants Investigated using such techniques as surface tension, preclpltatlon-redlssolutlon, viscosity, solubilization, fluorescence, electroklnetlc measurements, SANS,etc.(15-17). Briefly, these results showed that as the concentration of the surfactant Is Increased at constant polymer level significant binding of the surfactant to the polymer occurred leading to marked Increases In the surface activity and viscosity. These systems were able to solubilize water Insoluble materials at surfactant concentrations well below the CMC of polymer-free surfactant solutions. Excess surfactant beyond that required to form stoichiometric complex was found to solubilize this Insoluble complex and Information on the structure of these solubilized systems has been presented. 

Figure 9 shows the relaxation time T2 of micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a function of SDS concentration [13,16,17], It is evident that the maximum relaxation time of micelles is observed at an SDS concentration of 200 mM. This implies that SDS micelles are most stable at this concentration. For several years researchers at the CSSE have tried to correlate the measured T2 with various equilibrium properties such as surface tension, surface viscosity, and others, but no correlation could be found. However, a strong correlation of t2 with various dynamic processes such as foaming ability, wetting time of textiles, bubble volume, emulsion droplet size, and solubilization of benzene in micellar solution was found [18]. 

Performance Indices Quality Factors Optimum E1LB Critical micelle concentration (CMC) Soil solubilization capacity Krafft point (ionic surfactants only) Cloud point (nonionic surfactants only) Viscosity Calcium binding capacity Surface tension reduction at CMC Dissolution time Material and/or structural attributes... 

Thus, the chemical acts in two steps. The first step is surface contact with spreading. This depends not only on form and viscosity for liquids but also on solubilizing power for gases and solids. After this first step, which can be very quick for corrosive products, about 10 s, there is a second step penetration. 

Recent investigations have shown that the behavior and interactions of surfactants in a polyvinyl acetate latex are quite different and complex compared to that in a polystyrene latex (1, 2). Surfactant adsorption at the fairly polar vinyl acetate latex surface is generally weak (3,4) and at times shows a complex adsorption isotherm (2). Earlier work (5,6) has also shown that anionic surfactants adsorb on polyvinyl acetate, then slowly penetrate into the particle leading to the formation of a poly-electroyte type solubilized polymer-surfactant complex. Such a solubilization process is generally accompanied by an increase in viscosity. The first objective of this work is to better under-stand the effects of type and structure of surfactants on the solubilization phenomena in vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymer latexes. 

A quantitative evaluation of the effects of the degree of polymerization on the properties of polysoaps was undertaken for the phase diagrams of polymeric lyotropic liquid crystals. Here the property shifts level off within a degree of 10-15 (Fig. 44) [126,451], This value may serve as a first approximation, but, as additional studies, e.g. on viscosity, surface tension or solubilization are missing, more studies are needed. 

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