Surface plasmon resonance effect

When the size of metals is comparable or smaller than the electron mean free path, for example in metal nanoparticles, then the motion of electrons becomes limited by the size of the nanoparticle and interactions are expected to be mostly with the surface. This gives rise to surface plasmon resonance effects, in which the optical properties are determined by the collective oscillation of conduction electrons resulting from the interaction with light. Plasmonic metal nanoparticles and nanostructures are known to absorb light strongly, but they typically are not or only weakly luminescent [22-24]. 

A clear, commonly accepted terminology to describe few-atom subnanoscale metals exhibiting quantized energy levels is lacking. The lack of a coherent terminology leads to confusion and may hamper development. In this chapter, we restrict the term metal cluster to describe few-atom metals with discrete energy levels, and use metal nanoparticle, for particles that have surface plasmon resonance effects (approximate size range between 1 and 100 nm). 

Uemura S.,Yoshida M., Kodzasa T. and Kamata, T. (2003) Surface plasmon resonance effect on photocurrent amplification. Synth. Met., 137 1443-1444. 

The absorption peaks at about 400 nm due to the surface plasmon resonance effect could be seen to be blue-shifted with the decrease in size of silver nanoparticles (inset of Figure 4). The blue-shift is attributed to contraction of... 

Optical devices transform changes of optical phenomena, which are the result of an interaction of the analyte with the receptor part. This group may be further subdivided according to the type of optical properties which have been applied in the chemical sensors absorbance, reflectance, luminescence, and fluorescence, refractive index including the surface plasmon resonance effect, the optothermal effect, and light scattering. 

Tanaka A, Hashimoto K, Kominami H (2012) Preparation of Au/Ce02 exhibiting strong surface plasmon resonance effective for selective or chemoselective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones in aqueous suspensions under irradiation by green light. J Am Chem Soc 134(35) 14526-14533... 

The presence of metallic surfaces or particles in the vicinity of a fluorophore can dramatically alter the fluorescence emission and absorption properties of the fluorophore. The effect, which is associated with the surface plasmon resonance of the metallic surface, depends on parameters such as metal type, particle size, fluorophore type and fluorophore-particle separation. 

M. Zayats, O.A. Raitman, V.I. Chegel, A.B. Kharitonov, and I. Willner, Probing antigen-antibody binding processes by impedance measurements on ion-sensitive field-effect transistor devices and complementary surface plasmon resonance analyses development of cholera toxin sensors. Anal. Chem. 74, 4763-4773 (2002). 

The introduction of optical biosensors has made it possible to obtain data for a large number of macromolecular interactions without the necessity of additional labeling. Here several commercial instruments utilize the effect of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) to detect accumulation of ligands in the sensor matrix. 

The effect of structural modification to 22 on the binding efficiency and binding dynamics of hairpin DNA immobilized on metal surfaces were studied using surface plasmon resonance.124,125 The association and dissociation kinetics were analyzed using a sequential model for the binding of the imidazole containing polyamides... 

All the most relevant transducers such as MOSFET, CMOS, Surface Plasmon Resonance device, Optical Fibre, ISFET, will be covered in some detail including their intrinsic operating mechanisms and showing their limitation and performance. Shrinking effects of these transducers will also be commented on. 

Although chemisorption is not essential, when it does occur there may be further enhancement of the Raman signal, since the formation of new chemical bonds and the consequent perturbation of adsorbate electronic energy levels can lead to a surface-induced RR effect. The combination of surface and resonance enhancement (SERRS) can occur when adsorbates have intense electronic absorption bands in the same spectral region as the metal surface plasmon resonance, yielding an overall enhancement as large as 10lo-1012. 

The optimal enhancement effect is observed when the localized surface plasmon resonance is tuned to the emission wavelength of a locally situated fluorophore [86]. This is consistent with the model suggesting a greatly increased efficiency for energy transfer from fluorophores to surface plasmons [78]. Since resonance energy transfer is involved, the important factors affecting the intensity of fluorescence emission must also be the orientation of the dye dipole moments relative to the... 

Rytdmaa, M., and Kinnunen, P.K.J., 1995, ReversibUity of the binding of cytochrome c to Uposomes. Implications for lipid-protein interactions./. B/oZ. Chem., 270 3197-3202 Salamon, Z., and ToUin, G., 1996, Surface plasmon resonance studies of complex formation between cytochrome c and bovine cytochrome c oxidase incorporated into a supported planar Upid bUayer. II. Binding of cytochrome c to oxidase-containing cardiohpin /phosphatidylcholine membranes. Biophys. J., 71 858-867 Salamon, Z., and ToUin, G., 1997, Interaction ofhorse heart cytochrome c with Upid bilayer membranes effects on redox potentials. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 29 211-221 Scarlett, J.L., and Murphy, M.P., 1997, Release of apoptogenic proteins from the... 

Ghosh SK, Nath S, Kundu S, Esumi K, Pal T (2004) Solvent and ligand effects on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold colloids. J Phys Chem B 108 13963-13971... 

Kim et al. used the exchange reaction to synthesize cross-linked AuNP-PNIPAM core-shell hybrid structures, as well as a brush-type AuNP/PNIPAM hybrid through surface-initiated ATRP in an aqueous medium. The disulfide initiators, [BrC (CH3)2COO(CH2)iiS]2, were bound to AuNPs synthesized by citrate reduction. They have studied the effect of cross-linking on the thermo-responsiveness of the AuN / PNIPAM hybrids for potential use as a stimuli responsive optical device, such as surface plasmon resonance-based sensing materials [91]. 

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