Surface colonies

In some situations, if good plant hygiene is not maintained, fungal spores can also become established in and around the Fourdrinier wire. These can develop into large surface colonies which can become dislodged and transfer onto the paper sheet during formation. Again, this can lead to paper sheet failure. 

Although the growth of surface colonies does not take place in a brewery fermentation there is considerable interest in connection with giant colonies whose morphology is used for distinguishing between yeast strains. 

Formation of occluded surface cells, whereby microorganisms form "patchy" surface colonies. Sticky polymers attract and aggregate biological and nonbiological species to produce crevices and concentration cells, the basis for accelerated attack... 

Fixing of anodic reaction sites, whereby microbiological surface colonies lead to the formation of corrosion pits, driven by microbial activity and associated with the location of these colonies... 

Pewter. Modem pewter may have a composition of 90—95 wt % tin, 1—8 wt % antimony, and 0.5—3 wt % copper. Lead should be avoided by contemporary craftsman because it causes the metal surface to blacken with age. Pewter metal can be compressed, bent, spun, and formed into any shape, as weh as being easily cast. A wide variety of consumer articles ate available from domestic and foreign manufacturers. Reproductions of pewter objects from colonial times, some cast from the original molds, ate popular. The annual U.S. production of pewter exceeds 1100 t. 

Although exopolysaccharides do not normally have a structural role, they do form structures that can be detected by either light or electron microscopy. Exopolysaccharides may form part of a capsule closely attached to the microbial cell surface, or appear as loose slime secreted by the cell but not directly attached to it mucoid Exopolysaccharide producing cells usually form mucoid colonies on solid media and colonies liquid cultures of these cells may become very viscous. However, growth conditions can... 

The inner surface of the beads before and after use was compared. The cells were initially trapped inside the beads after 72 hours the cells apparently migrated from the inner side to the surface. The micrographs of the inner sides of the beads before and after use, at magnifications of 300 and 2000, are shown in Figure 8.5. After 72 hours the cells appealed to have formed new colonies on the surface of the alginate layer. By contrast, the surfaces were completely covered with colonies after 72 hours of ethanol production in the ICR. 

E.coli recA y.luxCDABE strain were grown for 16-18 hours at 37°C in LB-broth in the presence of 20 pg/ ml of ampicillin. Immediately before the experiment the culture was diluted 1 20 by fresh culture medium and incubated until early log-phase. The grown biomass was mixed with AR solutions in final concentrations of ICfs, ICH n ICfs M, with used for their dilution with distilled water (control) and incubated for 60 minutes. The luminescence intensity of UV-irradiated E.coli recA lux and intact specimens were registered by plate bioluminometer LM OIT (Immimotech, Czech Rep.) in a real time. The number of viable cells was determined from the colony-forming units (CFU) on a surface of a LB-agar after the subsequent incubation within 24 hours at 37 °C. A quantitative estimation of an induction of the SOS-system calculated on formula... 

Fig. 2.4 The budding pattern in haploid and diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The original cell which formed a bud is the mother (M). The daughter cell (D) is shown remaining attached as might be the case in i colonies growing on the surface of agar.

Surface Monitoring Contact (or Rodac) plates of growth media are applied to surfaces such as bench tops, walls, and personnel and then incubated. Colony-forming units (cfu) are counted and identified. 

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