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Suprachiasmatic nucleus regulation

Figure 22.1 Pathways projecting to and from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Inputs from photoreceptors in the retina help to reset the circadian clock in response to changes in the light cycle. Other inputs derive from the lateral geniculate complex and the serotonergic, Raphe nuclei and help to reset the SCN in response to non-photic stimuli. Neurons in the SCN project to the hypothalamus, which has a key role in the regulation of the reproductive cycle, mood and the sleep-waking cycle. These neurons also project to the pineal gland which shows rhythmic changes in the rate of synthesis and release of the hormone, melatonin... Figure 22.1 Pathways projecting to and from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Inputs from photoreceptors in the retina help to reset the circadian clock in response to changes in the light cycle. Other inputs derive from the lateral geniculate complex and the serotonergic, Raphe nuclei and help to reset the SCN in response to non-photic stimuli. Neurons in the SCN project to the hypothalamus, which has a key role in the regulation of the reproductive cycle, mood and the sleep-waking cycle. These neurons also project to the pineal gland which shows rhythmic changes in the rate of synthesis and release of the hormone, melatonin...
Ebling, F. J. (1996). The role of glutamate in the photic regulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Prog. Neurobiol 50, 109-32. [Pg.241]

A role for the 5-HT7 receptor in the regulation of circadian rhythms has been implicated. As discussed above, 5-HT has been known for some time to induce phase shifts in behavioral circadian rhythms and modulate neuronal activity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the likely site of the mammalian circadian clock. The pharmacological characteristics of the effect of 5-HT on circadian rhythms are consistent with 5-HT7 receptor. Moreover, mRNA for the 5-HT7 receptor is found in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. There is also increasing evidence that the 5-HT7 receptor may play a role in psychiatric disorders. The regional distribution of 5-HT7 receptors in brain includes limbic areas and cortex. Atypical antipsychotics, such as clozapine and risperidone, and some antidepressants display high affinity for this receptor. In the periphery, 5-HT7 receptors havebeenshown to mediate relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. [Pg.247]

Miller MM, Silver J, et al (1984) Effects of gonadal steroids on the in vivo binding of [ l]alpha-bungarotoxin to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Brain Res 290(l) 67-75 Mochizuki T, Villemagne VL, et al (1998) Nicotine induced up-regulation of nicotinic receptors in CD-I mice demonstrated with an in vivo radiotracer gender differences. Synapse 30(1) 116-118... [Pg.288]

Ramelteon (Rozerem). Recently approved by the FDA for treatment of insomnia in the US, ramelteon acts via a completely novel mechanism of action, that is, stimulating so-called melatonin Ti and T2 receptors in the brain s suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN is regarded as the body s master clock that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and other circadian rhythms. The effects of ramelteon in some respects mimic those of melatonin. Ramelteon, in clinical trials, administered at bedtime doses of 8 mg, outperformed placebo with respect to several indices of sleep disturbance (see Table 9.4). [Pg.273]

LeSauter J, Silver R 1999 Localization of a suprachiasmatic nucleus subregion regulating locomotor rhythmicity. J Neurosci 19 5574-5585 Mrosovsky N 2001 Further characterization of the phenotype of mCryl /mCry2-deficient mice. Chronobiol Int 18 613-625... [Pg.72]

Allen G, Rappe J, Earnest DJ, Cassone VM 2001 Oscillating on borrowed time diffusible signals from immortalized suprachiasmatic nucleus cells regulate circadian rhythmicity in cultured fibroblasts. J Neurosci 21 7937—7943... [Pg.134]

Shapiro DJ, Rodwell VW 1969 Diurnal variation and cholesterol regulation of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 37 867—872 Silver R, LeSauter J, Tresco PA, Lehman MN 1996 A diffusible coupling signal from the transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus controlling circadian locomotor rhythms. Nature 382 810-813... [Pg.180]

Cutler DJ, Haraura M, Reed HE, et. al 2003 The mouse VPAC2 receptor confers suprachiasmatic nuclei cellular rhythmicity and responsiveness to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in vitro. Eur J Neurosci. 17 197—204 Ebling FJ 1996 The role of glutamate in the photic regulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Prog Neurobiol 50 109-132... [Pg.216]

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Suprachiasmatic nucleus

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