Suppressed Temperature Regulation

Antipsychotic drugs directly affect the hypothalamus and suppress temperature regulation. Severe hyperthermia, rhahdomyolysis, renal failure, and death may result. A cool environment and adequate amounts of fluids are mandatory for patients taking antipsychotic agents. 

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The suppression of malarial fever by quinine is etiological. However, quinine also reduces other febrile temperatures to normal, analogous to the other antipyretic drugs, i.e., by adjustment of the temperature-regulating centers, primarily through increased heat loss, assisted somewhat by diminished heat production. 

A more sensitive and reliable test for the presence of convection is to record two or more diffusion experiments with differing values of the diffiision period A under otherwise identical conditions. In the absence of convection (or where its influence has been suppressed), the value of D obtained should not differ between data sets. In contrast, the apparent diffusion coefficients measured in the presence of convection will vary with A, as indicated by Eq. (9.11), and produce progressively larger values of />app with longer diffusion periods. This influence is readily apparent for quinine 9.1 in CDCI3 recorded at the slightly elevated temperature of 313 K but may also be observed at a much reduced level at 298 K where probe temperature regulation is employed (Fig. 9.12). 

Besides behavior and blood pressure, catecholamine neurons also have important roles in other brain functions. Regulation of neuroendocrine function is a well-known action of catecholamines for example, DA agonists reduce semm prolactin concentration, especially in conditions of hypersecretion. Ingestive behavior can be modulated by brain catecholamines, and some appetite-suppressing dmgs are beheved to act via catecholaminergic influences. Catecholamines also participate in regulation of body temperature. 

The ultradian sleep—wake and temperature rhythm produced by 3rd ventricle infusion of TGFa closely resembles the effect of a focal excitotoxic lesion of SPZ neurons (Lu et al 2001). This ultradian rhythm is normally suppressed by circadian control and is disinhibited when SPZ neurons fail to relay SCN circadian information to sleep—wake circuits. Our results indicate that chronic TGFa administration uncouples SPZ neurons from sleep-regulatory circuits and that SPZ neurons expressing the EGFR transmit circadian information from the SCN to sleep—wake centres, in addition to likely regulating circadian locomotor activity. 

Kim Y, Ma A-G, Kitta K, Fitch SN, Ikeda T, fiiara Y, Simon AR, Evans T, Suzuki Y (2003) Anthracycline-induced suppression of GATA-4 transcription factor implication in the regulation of cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Mol Pharmacol 63 368-377 Kirsch GE, Trepakova ES, Brimecombe JC, Sidach SS, Erickson HD, Kochan MC, Shyjka LM, Lacerda AE, Brown AM (2004) Variability in the measurement of hERG potassium channel inhibition Effect of temperature and stimulus pattern. J Pharmacol Method 50 93-101 Koury SI, Stone CK, Thomas SH (1996) Amrinone as an antidote in experimental verapamil overdose. Acad Emerg Med 3 762-767... 

Catalytic fixed beds are frequently used as test reactors for two-phase processes (gas or liquid and a solid catalyst). A laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor is displayed in Figure A9.5. The reactor is placed in an oven or in a thermostat bath. The efficiency of the system can be improved by arranging several fixed beds in parallel. In this way, various temperatures, flow rates, and catalysts can be screened in a single experiment. The gas flows are regulated with mass flow controllers and the liquid feed rates with pumps. Plug flow conditions should prevail, and small enough catalyst particles should be used to suppress the internal diffusion resistance. Provided that these conditions are fulfilled, the mass balance becomes very simple ... 

Many different simple fatty acyl-amino acids also known as hpoamino adds are present in animal tissues and as constituents of bacterial hpids. Examples of simple hpoamino acids are N-pahnitoylglydne (3-78) and N-oleoylglycine, which have roles in sensory neuronal signalling and regulation of body temperature and locomotion, respectively. N-Arachidonylglycine has been shown to suppress inflammatory pain. Biologically active compounds are also other other long-chain N-acylethanolamides, for example, N-palmitoylethanolamide and N-oleoylethanolamide, or oleamide. 

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