Supercritical fluid methods

Scheme 7.3 Generalised supercritical fluid methods for extraction and analysis with and without separation of interfering components. After King [5], Reproduced from the Journal of Chromatographic Science, by permission of Preston Publications, a Division of Preston Industries, Inc.

Soils, sediments. Supercritical fluid Method 8015B EPA... 

Alzaga et al. extracted Pirimicarb (a pesticide present in sediments of rivers) using supercritical CO2 modified with triethylamine and compared the results to those obtained with the conventional Soxhlet method (Alzaga et al., 1995). The supercritical fluid method offered increased precision, shorter analysis time, and a 10-fold reduction in solvent usage. 

Williams, J. R. and Clifford, A. A. Supercritical Fluid Methods and Protocols, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2000. 

Cerina, E. Palocci, C. Lipases in supercritical fluids. Methods Enzymol. 1997, 286 (Lipases, Part B) 495-508. 

Fontes, N., Almeida, M.C., and Barreiros, S. (2001) Biotransformations in supercritical fluids. Methods Biotechnol., 15, (Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents), 565-573. 

Yu-Tzu, H., Jui-Hung, Y., and Yei-Shung, W., Study on the extraction of organophosphorus insecticides from soil by supercritical fluid method. Anal. Set, 13(Suppl.), 137-140, 1997. 

Many analytes that are not amenable to GC (e.g., thermolabile compounds) can be separated by SFC. Separations via SFC are often more efficient and faster than traditional LC analyses. Wider coverage of supercritical fluid methods can be found in the literature on SFC. " This technique has also been employed for the determination of carbamate pesticides in environmental samples (see Table 24.5). ... 

Yen CH, Cui XL, Pan HB, Wang SF, Llin YH, Wan CM. Deposition of platinum nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes by supercritical fluid method. J Nanosci Nanotechno 2005 5 1852-7. 

Process for the direct decaffeination of aqueous coffee extract solutions Process for extracting caffeine from solutions thereof in carbon dioxide under high pressure Process for the extraction of caffeine supercritical solutions Decaffeination process Method for decaffeinating coffee with a supercritical fluid Method for decaffeinating coffee with a supercritical fluid... 

LiMnP04 can be prepared by various methods such as the solid-state reaction, precipitation method, sol-gel process, spray pyrolysis, hydrothermal method [12], solvothermal method [13], template method [14], supercritical fluid method [15], and electrospinning technique followed by a calcination process [16]. 

Redox Routes in Compressed and Heated Fluids Hydrothermal, Solvothermal and Supercritical Fluid Methods... 

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