Sulphacetamide

NHCOCH3. White crystals, m.p. 18l-l83"C. Soluble sulphacetamide is the sodium salt which is soluble in water. Il is prepared by acetylating sulphanilamide and hydrolysing one acetyl group. Being more soluble than most of the sulphonamides it is used in treating infections of the urinary tract and of the conjunctiva. 

See sulphacetamide, sulphadiazine, sul-phadimidine, sulphaguanidine, sulphamera-zine, sulphamethoxypyridazine, sulphanilamide, sulphathiazole. 

This type of titration is quite simple to carry out and is very useful for the analysis of sulphonamide antibiotics and aminobenzoic acid-derived local anaesthetics. Titration is carried out with acidified sodium nitrite causing the primary aromatic amine function to be converted to a diazonium salt shown in Figure 3.15 for sulphacetamide. 

Titration with nitrous acid is used in pharmacopoeial assays of the following benzocaine, dapsone, primaquine, procainamide, procaine, sulphacetamide, sulphadoxine, sulphamethizole, sulphapyridine and sulphathiazole. 

Sulphonamides were supplied by Sigma (Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MA 63178 USA) Sulphisomidine (SOMI), Sulphathiazole (THIA), Sulphamethizole (METH), Phtalylsulphacetamide (FTAL), Sulphacetamide (ACET), Sulphapyridazine (PYRI), Sulphamerazine (MERA), Sulphamethoxypyridazine (MEPY) and Sulphachloropyridazine (CLPY). 

Figure 7.6a gives the response surface of the partition coefficient of sulphacetamide. It can be seen that optimal extraction conditions of sulphacetamide are binary compositions of methylene chloride and methyl tert.-butyl ether. It can also be observed that the partition coefficient is nearly constant at the binary axis methylene chloride/chloroform. Therefore, small variations in the binary compositions of methylene chloride and chloroform will not significantly change the partition coefficient. In other words binary compositions with methylene and chloroform yield robust extractions for sulphacetamide. This conclusion is confirmed by the robustness plot of the partition coefficient of sulphacetamide (Figure 7.6b). This plot also shows that under conditions where the partition coefficient is optimal (binary mixtures of methylene chloride and methyl tert.-butyl ether), the robustness of the partition coefficient reaches a maximum value.

Figure 7.6a The response surface of the partition coefficient of sulphacetamide (partition coefficient plot)...

V. Trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis Sulphacetamide (10-30%) local eye drops are used. 

Phthalylsulphacetamide, sulphacetamide, sulphaguanidine, sulphanilamide, sulpha-phenazole, sulphaurea, sulphinpyrazone, sulthiame... 

Synonyms. Soluble Sulphacetamide Sulfacetamide Sodium Sulfacylum Natrium. 

Infra-red Spectrum. Principal peaks at wavenumbers 1145,1264, 1552, 1090, 825, 1600 (sulphacetamide sodium, KBr disk). 

Disposition in the Body. After oral administration sulphacetamide is readily absorbed and rapidly excreted in the urine, mainly as unchanged drug. However, it is usually only used topically in the treatment of eye infections absorption into the blood may occur after application to the eye if the conjunctiva is inflamed. 

Glibornuride Methylchlorophenoxyacetic Acid Probenecid Sulphacetamide Sulphamethoxazole Sulphasomidine... 

Sulforal, 992 Sulforidazine, 980 (metabolite), 738, 1020 Sulformethoxine, 978 Sulforthomidine, 978 Sulfotrimin, 988 Sulfuno, 991 Sulginum, 986 Sulindac, 981 Sulindac sulphide, 981 Sulindac sulphone, 981 Sulla, 989 Sulmycin, 637 Sulpha..., see also under Sulphacalyre, 981 Sulphacarbamide, 995 Sulphacetamide, 981 Sulphacetamide sodium, 981 Sulphacetamide, soluble, 981 Sulphachlorpyridazine, 982 Sulphadiazine, 982 Sulphadiazine sodium, 983 Sulphadiazine, soluble, 983 Sulphadimethoxine, 983 Sulphadimethyloxazole, 991 Sulphadimethylpyrimidine, 984... 

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