Sulfur monochloride, preparation reaction with oxides

Niobium Pent chloride. Niobium pentachloride can be prepared in a variety of ways but most easily by direct chlorination of niobium metal. The reaction takes place at 300—350°C. Chlorination of a niobium pentoxide—carbon mixture also yields the pentachloride however, generally the latter is contaminated with niobium oxide trichloride. The pentachloride is a lemon-yeUow crystalline soHd that melts to a red-orange Hquid and hydrolyzes readily to hydrochloric acid and niobic acid. It is soluble in concentrated hydrochloric and sulfuric acids, sulfur monochloride, and many organic solvents. 

The aliphatic iodine derivatives are usually prepared by reaction of an alcohol with hydroiodic acid or phosphorus triiodide by reaction of iodine, an alcohol, and red phosphorus addition of iodine monochloride, monobromide, or iodine to an olefin replacement reaction by heating the chlorine or bromine compound with an alkali iodide in a suitable solvent and the reaction of triphenyl phosphite with methyl iodide and an alcohol. The aromatic iodine derivatives are prepared by reacting iodine and the aromatic system with oxidizing agents such as nitric acid, fuming sulfuric acid, or mercuric oxide. 

Benzoyl disulfide has been obtained by the reaction of benzoyl chloride with hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen disulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, potassium sulfide, sodium disulfide, lead sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sulfhydrylmagnesium bromide, and thiobenzamide. It is also formed by reaction of benzoic anhydride with hydrogen sulfide. The better preparative methods involve the oxidation of thiobenzoic add by means of air,hydrogen peroxide or sulfur monochloride, or of the sodium or potassium salt by means of air, - chlorine, iodine, copper sulfate, - potassium ferricyanide, - or ferric chloride. - ... 

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