Sulfate sulfuric acid solutions

The corrosion potentials are in keeping with the experimental observations steels attain passivity in nitric acid and ferric sulfate sulfuric acid solutions and undergo corrosion in 5% sulfuric acid solutions. 

Guilbault (177), Moore notes, reported that maximum fluorescence intensity of quinine occurred in 0.1 N sulfate-sulfuric acid solutions and was quenched by the presence of halide ions. Moore noted a similar quenching of the photosensitizing ability of quinine. 

Metal hydrogen sulfates, sulfuric acid solutions and, 395-397... 

Anode sludge Copper(II) sulfate/ sulfuric acid solution... 

Neptunium (V) Anionic Exchange in Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Solutions... 

Hydrogen peroxide is obtained by electrolytic processes that involve the formation of peroxodisulfate ion and its subsequent hydrolysis. Sulfuric acid or ammonium sulfate-sulfuric acid solutions are electrolyzed at high current density ( 1 amp/dm2) at electrodes (usually Pt) that have high... 

Copper sulfate-sulfuric acid solution CUSO4-H2SO4-H2O... 

Kaesche and Hackerman (13) have investigated the inhibition of several aliphatic and aromatic amines on pure iron corroding in IN hydrochloric acid. These authors observed in thirteen out of fourteen cases that the inhibition was both anodic and cathodic, albeit predominantly anodic. The exception was methylamine which acted only cathodically. In the case of the corrosion inhibition on pure iron by B-naphthoquinoline in sodium sulfate/sulfuric acid solution (13). one observes a simple parallel shift of the anodic and cathodic Tafel lines towards smaller values of current density. Here the effect is almost symetrical, indicating that this inhibitor acts to the same extent upon anodic and cathodic reaction rates. Therefore, the effect of B-naphthoquinoline can be explained on the basis that its adsorption blocks a fraction 0 of the metal surface for all electrode reactions. If equation 9 describes the external polarization behavior in terms of a function of the partial current potential relationship for the anodic and cathodic reactions in the usual terms ... 

To test the validity of the above equations, Popov et al. [7, 11, 13, 14] carried out experiments on diffusion-controlled metal electrodeposition on a well-defined, triangularly shaped surface profile, through a diffusion layer of well-defined thickness 5 hp. A phonograph disk negative was used as the substrate upon which a layer of an agar-containing copper sulfate-sulfuric acid solution was placed and left to solidify, as illustrated in Fig. 2.3a. 

After the removal of arsenic, the nickel sulfate-sulfuric acid solution passes to nickel recovery and acid treatment. Nickel is conventionally recovered by the evaporation of the electrolyte to concentrate and crystallize the nickel sulfate [25]. 

HG. 2—Corrosion of stainless steel in ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solution. Effect of carbide precipitation in 18Cr-8Ni steel on corrosion In boiling 50 % sulfuric acid containing ferric sulfate inhibitor. Sensitized chrcanium c arbide precipitate at grain boundaries. Annealed no intergranular precipitate, all carbides dissolved in solid solution. 

FIG. 5—Local cell polarization on grain faces and boundaries of corroding stainiess steel. In ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solutions grain faces and grain boundaries are both polarized to the oxidation-reduction potential of the solution. The corrosion current at corroding boundaries is greater than that on grain faces. 

FIG. 8—Corrosion of sensitized Type 316 steel In boiling copper sulfate-sulfuric acid solution. Specimen 17.4 Cr 12.7 Nl 1.89 Mo 0.053 C. Heated 1 h at 677°C. Solution 15.7 % sulfuric acid with 5.7 % anhydrous copper sulfate. 

Fig. 5. Photocurrent stability of n-Si/polyaniline and bare n-Si photoanode measured with the Fe reaction in 0.1 M sodium sulfate/sulfuric acid solution, pH 1 light intensity is 90 mV/cm and potential is 0.1 V versus platinum (reprinted with permission from Ref.

The most common foil used in manufacturing printed circuits is electrodeposited copper foil (ED foil). ED foil is produced through an electrochemical process in which copper feed stock or scrap copper wire is first dissolved in a sulfuric acid solution. The purified copper sulfate/ sulfuric acid solution is then used to electroplate copper onto a cylindrical drum typically made from stainless steel or titanium. Figure 7.20 illustrates the overall process used to make electrodeposited copper foil. This process results in a copper foil with a relatively smooth, shiny side, and a coarser matte side, as illustrated in Fig. 7.21.The shiny side mirrors the surface... 

Ferric Sulfate, Sulfuric Acid Solution—0.2 g of ferric sulfate (Fe2(S04)3-9H20) together with 38 mL of water to a 1-L volumetric flask. Swirl to dissolve. Cautiously add about 100 mL of H2SO4 and swirl. Allow time for the heat of reaction to subside and dilute to volume with H2SO4. 

Reagent Blank 2—Into a 50-mL volumetric flask, pipet 10 mL of ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solution and dilute to volume with H2SO4. Stopper and mix. This blank is stable for 8 h and need not be repeated with each analysis during this period. 

Sample Blank—Take a 100-mL portion of the CdCL washed and filtered benzene sample (prepared in accordance with the procedure in 11.1). Transfer to a 250-mL separatory funnel. Add 10 mL of ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solution, stopper, and shake for 2 min 15 s. Allow the two phases to separate and draw off the lower H2SO4 layer into a 50-mL volumetric flask. Add 10 mL of H2SO4 to the separatory funnel and shake for 30 5 s. Again draw off the lower H2SO4 layer into the 50-mL volumetric flask containing the first extract. Dilute to volume and mix. Repeat with each specimen. 

The solution was also tested satisfactorily on four 22-liter uranyl sulfate corrosion loops which had run for 22,000 hr at 200 to 300°C. The loops had a very heavy oxide coating such that in thermal cycles large flakes broke off the wall and plugged small lines. After a 4-hr contact with the chromous sulfate-sulfuric acid solution at 85°C, the w alls of the loop were completely free of all clinging oxide. 

Two different sols were used to bind the USY particles together. One was a Super-D silica sol prepared by reaeting a sodium siheate solution with an aluminum sulfate/sulfuric acid solution imder high shear to a pH 3.0 and the other was an aluminum chlorohydrol sol stable at pH 4.3. 

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