Substitutive-type nomenclature

The systematic names of the binary fluorine-nitrogen compounds are only used for a few substances, whereas the organic substitutional type of nomenclature is widely used. Thus, NF3 is called by its systematic name nitrogen trifluoride (and not trifluoroamine), but N2F4 is generally named tetrafluorohydrazine instead of dinitrogen tetrafluoride and N3F fluorine azide instead of trinitrogen fluoride. Subsequently, there are sometimes up to three names for... 

Although substitutive names of the type just described are preferred the lUPAC rules also permit ketones to be named by functional class nomenclature The groups attached to the carbonyl group are named as separate words followed by the word ketone The groups are listed alphabetically... 

Substitutive nomenclature (Section 4 2) Type of lUPAC nomenclature in which a substance is identified by a name ending in a suffix charactenstic of the type of compound 2 Methylbutanol 3 pentanone and 2 phenylpropanoic acid are examples of substitutive names... 

There are several types of nomenclature systems that are recognized. Which type to use is sometimes obvious from the nature of the compound. Substitutive nomenclature, in general, is preferred because of its broad applicability, but radicofunctional, additive, and replacement nomenclature systems are convenient in certain situations. 

It is possible to regard radicofunctional nomenclature, in which the functional class narrie of a compound (c.g. alcohol, ketone, etc.) is cited after the names of the attached radicals, as involving an additive procedure (example 146). This type of nomenclature is gradually falling out of use in favor of the substitutive equivalent [for 146 the substitutive name would be l-(3-pyridyl)propan-l-one]. 

The replacement of an electrofugic atom or group at a nucleophilic carbon atom by a diazonium ion is called an azo coupling reaction. By far the most important type of such reactions is that with aromatic coupling components, which was discovered by Griess in 1861 (see Sec. 1.1). It is a typical electrophilic aromatic substitution, called an arylazo-de-hydrogenation in the systematic IUPAC nomenclature (IUPAC 1989c, see Sec. 1.2). 

Since other types of nomenclature cannot be applied to as wide a range of structures, the Sections III, A, 2-6 will deal only with principles relating to the use of substitutive nomenclature. 

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