Structure-property relationships ionic solids

Recent studies have extended the structure-property relationships in polyphosphazenes to include polymers that show interesting electrical or optical behavior in the solid state. These fall into three categories - (1) polymers that are good solid solvents for salts and which function as solid ionic conductors, (2) species that bear electronically active side groups, and (3) polymers that bear rigid organic units that generate liquid crystalline or non-linear-optical behavior. 

Leveque J-M., Estager J., Draye M., Cravotto G., Boffa L. Benrath W. (2007) Synthesis of Ionic Liquids Using Non-Conventional Activation Methods An Overview, Monatsh. Chem., vol.138, n°ll, p>p.ll03-1113 (August 2007), ISSN 0026-9247 Li DY, Lin YS, Li YC, Shieh DL, Lin JL (2007) Synthesis of mesoporous pseudoboehmite and alumina templated with l-hexadecyl-2/3-dimethyl-imidazolium chloride. Microporous Mesoporous Mater., vol.108, n°l-3, pp.276-282, (February 2008), ISSN 1387-1811 MacFarlane D.R., Sun J., Meakin P., Fasoulopoulos P., Hey J. Forsyth M. (1995). Structure-property relationships in plasticized solid polymer electrolytes, Electrochimica Acta, International symposium on polymer electrolytes, vol.40, n°13-14, pp. 2131-2136, (October 1995), ISSN 0013-4686... 

Pissis P, Kyritsis A, Georgoussis G, Shilov V V and Shevchenko V V (2000) Structure-property relationships in proton conductors based on polyurethanes, Solid State Ionics 136-137 255-260. 

This main part of the book (Chapters 5, 6, 7) is obviously related to Materials Science it is almost a triviality to conclude that, at least for ionic solids, now defect chemistry is fundamental to and, to a large extent, the substance of this interdisciplinary area. Materials research is sjmonymous with the strategic exploitation of structure-property relationships, with a view to the optimization of properties. If the question posed by material research is, say, the optimization of electrical properties via selection of materials and control parameters, then this question immediately refers back to the thermodynamics and kinetics of defect chemistry. As far as materials are concerned, we concentrate on ceramics and in particular on... 

Steele, B.C.YL, in Solid State Ionics, Proc. Symp. A2 of ICAM 1991, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1992, 17. Jorgensen, J.D., Kitazawa, K., Terascon, J.M., Thompson, M.S., and Torrance, J.B., Eds., High Temperature Superconductors Relationships between Properties, Structure, and Solid State Chemistry, MRS Symp. Proc., Vol. 156, Materials Research Society, Pittsbuigh, 1989. 

Although the dioxides of zirconium and hafnium crystallize at room temperature in the monoclinic baddeleyite-type structure, this is closely related to fluorite, and they do form fluorite-type solid solutions with rare earth oxides which have important ceramic properties. Compared with Th, U", Ce etc., Zr " and Hf have considerably smaller ionic radii which are close to that of the smallest ion (Sc ), and this fact has an important influence on the phase relationships in these systems, leading to the appearance of intermediate phases not encountered in other MO2-R2O3 systems. They have been studied extensively, particularly in the first instance by Collongues et al. (1965 and references therein). Work published prior to 1964 has been reviewed by Mobius (1964). 

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