Structure of carbon tetrachloride

When we look at the overall molecular structure of carbon tetrachloride, the net vectorial force in this molecule is zero as its shape is symmetrical so CC14 is a non-polar molecule. 

Figure 5.7 The structure of carbon tetrachloride and its symmetric and asymmetric...

Problem 3.44. What is the Lewis structure of carbon tetrachloride, CCI4 ... 

FIGURE 6.13 The process of determining the Lewis structure of carbon tetrachloride, CCI4, according to the steps in Table 6.1. (a) The arrangement of the atoms after completing step 2. (b) The Lewis structure after completing step 4. 

What is the molecular structure of carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) (Refer back to Example 6.1 and Figure 6.13b for the Lewis electron-dot structure.)... 

The preservative powers of salt stem from its chemistry and its interaction with water. The H2O molecule is a tetrahedral structure. It does not look like a tetrahedron because two of the positions are occupied not by atoms but by electron pairs. Another molecule with a tetrahedral structure is carbon tetrachloride. The difference between the structures of the two molecules is that carbon tetrachloride has no unbonded electron pairs (Figure 8.1). 

In animals, acute oral exposure to doses of 4,000 mg/kg has been observed to cause respiratory edema, atelectasis and hemorrhage (Gould and Smuckler 1971). This is accompanied by marked disruption of subcellular structure in most pulmonary cell types, including granular pneumocytes, capillary endothelial cells and Clara cells (Boyd et al. 1980 Gould and Smuckler 1971 Hollinger 1982). It has been shown that Clara cells were most severely injured because they are the most active in metabolic activation of carbon tetrachloride. Injury to capillary endothelial cells is dose-... 

IR spectra of the crystalline state and of carbon tetrachloride solutions can also give information about the structure of tautomers. In the crystalline state, the lactim structure is characterized by the vC=N band at 1620 cm-1 and the region between 3200-2100 cm-1 with partial maxima in carbon tetrachloride, vOH appears at 3525 cm-1. In compounds annellated with a benzene ring (except for 9), it is possible that the crystalline state consists of a mixture of the lactam and lactim tautomers (unsaturated lactam band at vC=0 1630-1640 cm-1 and vC=N at 1620 cm-1) however, these bands usually are not distinct. 

Another specific feature of the catalytic behavior of the structures under study consists in that the chemical nature of a metal becomes a factor less important for catalysis as the surface nanoparticles density increases. This is well seen in Figure 15.14, which shows the results obtained in measurements of the activity of copper- and nickel-based catalysts in the reaction of carbon tetrachloride addition to olefins. Presented in this figure are the activities of catalysts prepared by laser electrodispersion and the conventional deposition techniques. Two important features are worth noting. First, the activity... 

The first carbene complex of an iron porphyrin was prepared and structurally characterized by Mansuy and co-workers (12, 13) through the reaction of carbon tetrachloride with (TPP)Fe11 under reductive... 

Liquids composed of optically anisotropic molecules have been studied quite intensely. In most of these studies, the interplay of allowed and induced components is of some concern. Dense hydrogen [419], nitrogen [453, 454, 575], carbon disulfide [447-450,484-487,518,529,629], carbon dioxide [489, 537, 552,610,618], clorine [471,601], hydrogen sulfide [542], bromine [520], other simple, linear molecules [432, 499, 606, 622], water and aqueous solutions [474, 538, 545, 547, 548], chloroform and similar molecules [516, 567-569, 576, 577, 595, 596, 617], and various organic liquids have been studied [452, 493, 502, 523, 524, 563, 564, 578, 581, 605, 611]. The spectra of small diatomics dissolved in argon have been reported [481]. Solutions of carbon tetrachloride have also been considered [551]. Hydrogen chloride has been studied [417]. The effects of pressure on the dynamic structure of liquids has been investigated [494-496]. 

Dipole moments can give valuable information about the structure of molecules. For example, any structure for carbon tetrachloride that would result in a polar molecule can be ruled out on the basis of dipole moment alone. The evidence of dipole moment thus supports the tetrahedral structure for carbon tetrachloride. (However, it does not prove this structure, since there are other conceivable structures that would also result in a non-polar molecule.)... 

Brogan, W.C.I., P.I. Eacho, D.E. Hinton and H.D. Colby. Effects of carbon tetrachloride on adrenocortical structure and function in guinea pigs. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 75 118—127, 1984. 

Store in dil solns of carbon tetrachloride or ether at — 30" to slow polymerization. The free acid in the vapor phase or in ether soln gives no indication of being a mixture, and all the evidence supports the iso structure, HNCO, whereas in aq soln cyanic acid HOCN is present N. V. Sidgwick, The Chemical Elements and Their Compounds vol. I (Oxford. 1950) p 673. Caution Strongly acidic, will blister skin. 

Inoue et al. [150] demonstrated that large amounts of carbon tetrachloride can be absorbed into 1-dimensional tunnels in copper(II) trans-1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylate (Figure 14) under the saturated vapour pressure at room temperature, and the desorption can be performed easily by evacuation above room temperature. It was also confirmed that the absorption/desorption is reversible. The thermodynamic and structural properties were studied for the empty (non-absorbed) sample and partially-filled (10, 22 and 31% of the fiill carbon tetrachloride-absorbed) samples, using adiabatic calorimetry between 13 and 300 K and by powder XRD with high-energy synchrotron radiation. The heat- capacity anomaly due to the first-order phase transition observed in the empty sample was not observed in the fully-absorbed sample. However, the partially absorbed samples showed smaller heat-capacity anomalies at lower temperatures than the empty sample. Such phenomena were compared with the previous results for toluene-absorbed samples [151-153] and tfie differences were discussed. 

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