Stripe domain formation

Fig. 5 Fluorescence images of stripe phases and partitioning characteristics of SP-Bi 25 and F-SP-B] 25 in PA monolayers. (A) A monolayer of PA/20 wt% SP-Bi ,5 on a, buffered saline subphase at an area per PA molecule of 63 A showing the existence of stripe domains. (B) An image of a fluorescein-SP-B, 25 (F-SP-Bi 25) monolayer on a pure water suhphase at 23°C showing the formation of a stripe phase at low surface pressures. (C, D) Images of a monolayer of PA/20 wt% F-SP-Bi.j, also containing 0.5 mol% Texas-red DPPE on a pure water subphase at 28°C showing the fluorescence from (C) the hpid probe and (D) the fluorescently labeled protein...

Summarizing these facts it follows that the different parameters need to be optimized to obtain a required slope of the elec-trodistortional curve for a certain application and avoid the occurrence of striped domains or the formation of a twisted structure with a twist of -180° for the temperature regime of operation. 

A conglomerate in real liquid crystalline phases was first observed in the smectic phase of a rod-shaped mesogen with two stereogenic centers in its tail [42], We used a racemic mixture which was supposed not to electrically switch. Evidence for conglomerate formation was provided by clear electro-optic switching and texture observation under a polarizing microscope domains with stripes, which themselves display fine stripes. These stripes are tilted in two different directions with respect to the primary stripes. This is a still very rare example now that fluid soft matter is known to resolve spontaneously into a three-dimensional conglomerate. 

Figure 8 Schematic illustration for the formation of SAMs of alkanethiolates on gold [73], (A) Alkanethiols adopt the highly mobile lattice-gas phase (B) above a critical value of coverage, striped-phase islands are formed (C) surface reaches saturation coverage of striped phase (D) surface undergoes lateral-pressure-induced solid phase transition high-density islands nucleate and grow at domain boundaries (E) high-density islands grow at the expense of the striped phase until the surface reaches saturation...

It is clear that surface reconstruction phenomena play an important role in electrochemical 2D and 3D phase formation processes. lindsay [2.11] has shown that in the underpotential range (cf. Chapter 3) 2D Pb monolayer domains are formed preferentially along the stripes of reconstructed Au(lll) surfaces. 

Fig. 8-37 Borrmann effect, (a) Formation of topographic images, (b) Topograph of a crystal of Fe + 3 percent Si, 0.36 mm thick, showing magnetic domains (black and white stripes) and dislocations (white lines). 020 reflection, Co Ka radiation. (Courtesy of Carl Cm. Wu [8.26].)...

Diblock copolymer poly(methyl methacrylate)-W0c -poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) PMMA- -PHEMA was used as the template for the self-assembly of palladium nanoparticles.98 Thin films of the metal-free block copolymer were obtained by dip coating from different solvents. The copolymer existed in the ordinary form and inverted micelles when it was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane and methanol, respectively. This was attributed to the hydrophilic properties of the PHEMA block. 2-Methoxyethanol, which is a common solvent to both blocks, was also used in the coating. Films obtained from 1,4-dioxane and methanol solutions showed the formation of spherical domains that were arranged in a 2-D hexagonal lattice, while the film obtained from 2-methoxyethanol showed a stripe pattern. Their AFM topography images are shown in Figure 5.19. The block copolymer thin films were then exposed to... 

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