Streptococci antimicrobials effective against

In terms of pharmacological action, clotrimazole is very similar to miconazole. It has a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. It is effective with respect to dermatophytes, and it also has an antimicrobial effect against streptococci and staphylococci. It is also effective with respect to trichomonases. It is very widely used, both externally and vaginally for treating superficial infections. Synonyms of this drag are canesten, empecid, lotrimin, micosporin, and others. 

Aksoy, A., Duran, N., and Koksal, F. 2006. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects of mastic chewing gum against Streptococcus mutans and mutans streptococci. Am/i. Oral Biol. 51 476-481. 

In 1931, Gerhard Domagk and co-workers found that the azo dye sulfamidochrysoidine (Prontosil Red ) was effective against vimlent strains of Streptococci pyogenes in infected mice. The antimicrobial activity was later found to be due to its reduced metabolite, sulfanilamide (Prontosil white Fig 22.36). Sulfanilamide forms the prototype of this class of synthetic antibacterial agents known as the sulphonamides. 

Oleandomycin, a 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotic, was isolated in 1956 from fermentation broths of Streptomyces antibioticus [360]. Some years later, oleandomycin was assigned the structure 340 on the basis of its chemical degradation [361]. Oleandomycin is effective, but less potently, against the same spectrum of bacteria as erythromycin, namely Gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococci, streptococci, and pneumococci. The antimicrobial activity of oleandomycin, when combined with tetracycline, is potentiated. In fact, in such a combination it is sold as an antibacterial agent for upper and lower respiratory tract infection. 

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