Strands terms

Dl A. Supercoiling. Supercoiling is a topological property of closed-circular DNA molecules. Circular DNA molecules can exist in various conformations differing in the number of times one strand of the helix crosses the other. These different isomeric conformations are called topoisomers and maybe characterized in terms of the linking number, Ek. A linear DNA molecule having Nbase pairs and h base pairs per turn of the helix, if joined end to end, has the following ... 

The linking difference can be considered in terms of changes in the twist, Tiv, and writh, Wr, of the molecule. Twist describes how the DNA strands are coHed around each other writh describes the coiling of the hehcal axis. The change in linking number is related to changes in twist and writh ... 

Continental Shelf. A variety of terms may be appHed to deposits in the continental shelf (conshelf) including beach, bank, alluvial, strand-line, heavy mineral, or placet. These contain mostly industrial materials, mineral sands, or precious metals (Table 1). 

Various elastic elements are added to disposable sanitary products. Strands of lycra, natural rubber, polyurethane foam, and other elastic laminates are applied to provide good fit and avoid leakage. These are attached with adhesives. While non-PSA formulas such as polybutene-based [64] and polyamide [65] adhesives have shown utility, as well as benefits in terms of resistance to baby oils and lotions, adhesives based on styrenic block copolymers still dominate. SBC-based... 

It is unrealistic to expect that any single conformer of a polymer will adequately represent the overall size and shape of the polymer. The low-energy conformer for each polymer strand shown here is merely meant to allow identification of the polymer in terms of its components. 

Such large amino acid strands are usually presented in terms of ribbons, or tubes, where attention focuses on the backbone of the protein. Figure 1.19 gives a tube view of procohpase. 

Because much of the world lacks the natural gas resources and transportation pipelines of the United States, remote natural gas must be liquefied and transported by ship. Gas-rich countries want to capture stranded gas by liquefying and shipping it to gas-poor regions as LNG. The gas-poor countries enter into contracts so that a long-term supply is available to warrant the investment in the electricity-generating infrastructure. The overall investment is enormous, not only in the liquefaction plant, but in the refrigerated tankers and the regasification plant at the deliveiy site. 

Conductor or wire sizes are expressed in terms of the American Wire Gage (AWC) system. In this system, the ratio of any wire diameter to the next smaller gage or diameter is 1.123. The AWC sizes range from 40 to 0000. Table 2-37 lists the AWG number, wire dimension, and resistance for solid copper wire. Wires larger than 0000 (as well as smaller wires) are stranded to maintain flexibility. 

A long-term study of tar on beaches of Bermuda indicated that the amount stranded did not differ significantly between 1971-72 and 1978-79 (34). A subsequent study, however, indicated that a significant decrease occurred between 1978-79 and 1982-83, implying that the quantity of tar in... 

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