Storage organs, plant

HAUPTMANN R, ESCHENFELDT w H, ENGLISH J and BRINKHAUS F L (1997) Enhanced carotenoid accumulation in storage organs of genetically engineered plants , US patent 5618988. 

Taylor, M. and Ramsay, G., Carotenoid biosynthesis in plant storage organs recent advances and prospects for improving plant food quality. Physiol. Plantarum 124, 143, 2005. 

Bulbs and bulbils Fleshy storage organs that break off easily when the plant is dug up or pulled out. 

It is a broad-spectrum herbicide active both pre- and post-emergent. Studies with radiolabelled compounds ( ) show it to be rapidly translocated particularly to the meristematic regions. Translocation to the underground storage organs of perennial weeds prevents regrowth of these weeds. Most herbaceous and woody plants are controlled in the field at 0.4-1.0 kg a.e./ha whereas most woody plants require 0.7-3.0 kg a.e./ha (10). 

Starch, a reserve polysaccharide widely distributed in plants, is the most important carbohydrate in the human diet. In plants, starch is present in the chloroplasts in leaves, as well as in fruits, seeds, and tubers. The starch content is especially high in cereal grains (up to 75% of the dry weight), potato tubers (approximately 65%), and in other plant storage organs. 

Espelie, K. E., Sadek, N. Z., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1980). Composition of suberin-assoeiated waxes from the subterranean storage organs of seven plants. Parsnip, earrot, rutabaga, turnip, red beet, sweet potato and potato. Planta, 148,468 76. 

Raffinose occurs only at low concentrations in the leaves of plants, but accumulates in the storage organs during the process of development. It has been generally observed that the level of raffinose increases as the tissue loses water this 108-1i3,u6-m js a characteristic feature of maturation of seeds and the hardening process of winter-hardy plants. The hardiness of several plants towards desiccation and elevated temperature may be compared to the property of frost resistance.125-134 When the heat resistance reaches a maximum in the summer, the frost resistance is at its minimum. 

Stachyose and its homologs primarily occur in seeds and storage organs. Later research showed the presence of these oligosaccharides in the leaves of several plants,184 where they accumulate, especially during the winter, at a concentration parallel to that of sucrose. At this concentration, they provide frost resistance to the plant (see Section II,2,f) rather than serving as storage carbohydrates. 

These examples clearly show that it is not always desirable to develop fully systemic plant protection compounds, i.e. substances which migrate equally well both in the xylem and in the phloem. Transport in the xylem is often sufficient to effectively protect the plant. Due to the physiology of the plant, the storage organs which... 

Co uptake by plants is species dependent. It is hardly detectable in green beans however it is present in low concentrations in radishes, although it has been found in leaves of the plant (Kloke, 1980). Co is acccumulated in considerably lower concentrations in the plant storage organs or seeds as compared with the vegetative parts. 

Sakalo, V.D. and Lukashova, R.G., Activity and immunochemical comparison of sucrose synthetase from plant storage organs, Fiziologiya Rastenii, 40, 265-270, 1993. 

Theologis, A. and Laties, G.G., Potentiating effect of pure oxygen on the enhancement of respiration by ethylene in plant storage organs a comparative study, Plant Physiol., 69, 1031-1035, 1982a. 

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