Stoichiometric anomaly

The inhibition method allows the determination of the stoichiometry of the reaction between inhibitor and radical. The stoichiometric anomalies found to be general in inhibition processes induced Tiidos (1964a, 1965a, b, 1968) to describe the polymerization process in terms of the participation of hot radicals. 

For regional seawaters, as in the case of the Baltic Sea, the composition from Table 20.1 requires a correction to account for the stoichiometric anomaly. Then, the simple relation (20.1) between absolute salinity and practical salinity needs a suitable adjustment (Millero et al., 2008). 

Similar products were obtained from metallic silver and from barium chloride (Table 1), though the residues- from the fluorides of other electropositive elements did not show a stoichiometric composition. This apparent anomaly may be explained by supposing that, in general, bases containing the (BrF )- anion are less stable than the acids, and that a number of compounds of this type lose bromine trifluoride at room temperature. The potassium, silver and barium compounds are... 

The latter result is clearly quite acceptable, the sole exception being the point at x = 0.5 (cross in brackets). This datum is consistent with 1 1 compound formation of the solvent components, which is reflected also by the anomalous solution expansion at 30°C reported for this composition (44). Thus, since the partition-coefficient data were taken at 34 C, i.e., at only 3 above the congruent melting point of the aniline phenol complex, the deviation mi t well be due to the onset of stoichiometric solvent-solvent sociation. Moreover, we have observed similar anomalies in plots of partition coefficients against volume fraction at sis much sis 20° above eutectic points of mixed liquid-crystsdline phsises (45). 

Finally, we want to mention that also phonon anomalies have been observed in TmSe (Mook and Holzberg 1981) and in dilute Tmo.05 0,958 (Holland-Moritz and Severing 1986), similar to those found in SmS under pressure and in Smo.75Yo 25S. The phonon dispersion curves of TmSe are shown in fig. 81. Unfortunately, the investigated large crystal had a room temperature lattice constant of 5.682 A, indicative of an under-stoichiometric sample. 

The sensitivities of spot tests for cations or anions are measured by starting with standard solutions of salts of the highest purity which are then systematically diluted. Drops of known volume are taken for the test in question at each dilution. When this systematic procedure is followed, it is frequently found that a stage is reached, particularly with precipitation reactions, at which tests repeated under seemingly identical conditions, sometimes respond positively, sometimes negatively. What Emich called the region of uncertain reaction has been reached. The uncertainty is related to several different physical processes which accompany reactions that can be represented stoichiometrically. Another anomaly often encountered should be noted here. In almost all color and precipitation reactions, conducted in the form of spot tests, the intensity of the result of... 

The electronic specific heat of the paramagnetic zero-field state of stoichiometric TmSe (Bucher et al, 1975, Berton et al. 1981) may be interpreted as the superposition of a large linear term, yT with y = 350mJ/molK, and the tail of a Schottky anomaly with 80K (Berton et al, 1981). Below the magnetic phase transition, which we shall discuss below, y < 50mJ/molK. ... 

Electrical conductivity anomaly in near-stoichiometric plutonium dioxide. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol.95, pp.181-184... 

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