Sterilization assisted

Drying or cooling. Dressings packs and other porons loads may become dampened during the sterilization process and mnst be dried before removal fiom the chamber. This is achieved by steam exhanst and application of a vacnum, often assisted by heat from the steam-filled jacket if fitted. After drying, atmospheric pressure within the chamber is restored by admission of sterile filtered air. 

Five sterilization processes are described in the USP steam, dry-heat, filtration, gas, and ionizing radiation. All are commonly used for parenteral products, except gas and ionizing radiation, which are widely used for devices and surgical materials. To assist in the selection of the sterilization method, certain basic information and data must be gathered. This includes determining... 

Dry-heat processes kill microorganisms primarily through oxidation. The amount of moisture available to assist sterilization in dry-heat units varies considerably at different locations within the chamber and at different time intervals within the cycle. Also, the amount of heat available, its diffusion, and the environment at the spore/air interface all influence the microorganism kill rate. Consequently, cycles tend to be longer and hotter than would be expected from calculations to ensure that varying conditions do not invalidate a run. In general, convection dry-heat sterilization cycles are run above 160°C [37],... 

The build-up of waste products inhibits growth and it is necessary to change the culture medium at regular intervals, usually every few days. As with all cell culture techniques, asepsis is essential but very difficult to maintain. Antibiotics may therefore be incorporated into the culture media to assist in maintaining sterility. 

Legislators in several states have seen Norplant as a way to entice welfare mothers to undergo temporary sterilization. A bill proposed in Mississippi sought to mandate the use of Norplant for female welfare recipients, requiring women with four or more children to be implanted with Norplant in order to qualify for or continue to be eligible for public assistance. ... 

Chang P, Kenley S, Burns T, Denton G, Currie K, DeVane G, O Dea L. Recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) in assisted reproductive technology results of a clinical trial comparing two doses of rhCG (Ovidrel) to urinary hCG (Profasi) for induction of final follicular maturation in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. Fertil Steril 2001 76(l) 67-74. 

Synthol has become popular site-injection product both for chemically assisted and natural bodybuilders as of late. This is actually an illegal practice in many countries so the products are sold as topical "posing oils". The products contain an inert MCT oil which has been put through a series of processes to create a sterile product. Sometime back I was introduced to another but far more effective topical posing oil from a gray market supplement company called Hazardous Materials located in California. 

G4. Givens, C. R., Schriock, E. D., Dandekar, P. V., and Martin, M. C., Elevated serum progesterone levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration do not predict outcome in assisted reproduction cycles. Fertil. Steril. 62, 1011-1017 (1994). 

P4. Pantos, K., Athanasiou, V., Stefanidis, K., Stavrou, D., Vaxevanoglou, T., and Chronopoulou, M., Influence of advanced age on the blastocyst development rate and pregnancy rate in assisted reproductive technology. Fertil. Steril. 71, 1144-1146 (1998). 

Schmidt, L. L., Asch, R. H., Frederick, J. L., Rojas, F. J., Stone, S. C., and Balmaceda, J. R, The predictive value of a single beta human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancies achieved by assisted reproductive technology. Fertil. Steril. 62, 333-338 (1994). 

Housekeeping An important component of environmental control are the housekeeping activities utilized to clean the facility external to the controlled environments. Aseptic operations utilize a series of protective environments to protect the sterile field. Controls on the surrounding unclassified areas are an important part of the overall control scheme for sterile manufacturing. These unclassified areas support sterile operations in a variety of ways, and it is important to conduct activities therein that assist in the environmental control. Routine housekeeping, periodic sanitization, and even occasional environmental monitoring may be appropriate to... 

Kleinstein, J. (2005), Efficacy and tolerability of vaginal progesterone capsules (Utrogest 200) compared with progesterone gel (Crinone 8%) for luteal phase support during assisted reproduction, Fertil. Steril., 83,1641-1649. 

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