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Stepwise

Barbier-Wieland degradation A method for the stepwise degradation of aliphatic acids... [Pg.51]

Bohme D K and Raksit A B 1984 Gas phase measurements of the influence of stepwise soivation on the kinetics of nucieophiiic dispiacement reactions with CHjCi and CHjBr at room temperature J. Am. Ghem. Soc. 106 3447-52... [Pg.827]

It is clear, however, that not all isothenns display the stepwise behaviour shown in Figure Bl.26.4. For... [Pg.1873]

The Goeppert-Mayer two- (or multi-) photon absorption, mechanism (ii), may look similar, but it involves intennediate levels far from resonance with one-photon absorption. A third, quasi-resonant stepwise mechanism (iii), proceeds via smgle- photon excitation steps involvmg near-resonant intennediate levels. Finally, in mechanism (iv), there is the stepwise multiphoton absorption of incoherent radiation from themial light sources or broad-band statistical multimode lasers. In principle, all of these processes and their combinations play a role in the multiphoton excitation of atoms and molecules, but one can broadly... [Pg.2130]

A) During the luultiphoton excitation of molecular vibrations witli IR lasers, many (typically 10-50) photons are absorbed in a quasi-resonant stepwise process until the absorbed energy is suflFicient to initiate a unimolecular reaction, dissociation, or isomerization, usually in the electronic ground state. [Pg.2131]

B) The multiphoton excitation of electronic levels of atoms and molecules with visible or UV radiation generally leads to ionization. The mechanism is generally a combination of direct, Goeppert-Mayer, and quasi-resonant stepwise processes. Since ionization often requires only two or tln-ee photons, this type of multiphoton excitation is used for spectroscopic purposes in combination with mass-spectrometric detection of ions. [Pg.2131]

Figure B2.5.13. Schematic representation of the four different mechanisms of multiphoton excitation (i) direct, (ii) Goeppert-Mayer (iii) quasi-resonant stepwise and (iv) incoherent stepwise. Full lines (right) represent the coupling path between the energy levels and broken arrows the photon energies with angular frequency to (Aco is the frequency width of the excitation light in the case of incoherent excitation), see also [111]. Figure B2.5.13. Schematic representation of the four different mechanisms of multiphoton excitation (i) direct, (ii) Goeppert-Mayer (iii) quasi-resonant stepwise and (iv) incoherent stepwise. Full lines (right) represent the coupling path between the energy levels and broken arrows the photon energies with angular frequency to (Aco is the frequency width of the excitation light in the case of incoherent excitation), see also [111].
The f- JiTs exoited fiirther and deoomposes stepwise into eto with the fonnation of C2 units [77]. [Pg.2134]

After that time, energy loss from any individual molecule most likely involves a stepwise relaxation, but ensemble... [Pg.3040]

Kr. In the B-emitting states, a slower stepwise relaxation was observed. Figure C3.5.5 shows the possible modes of relaxation for B-emitting XeF and some experimentally detennined time constants. Although a diatomic in an atomic lattice seems to be a simple system, these vibronic relaxation experiments are rather complicated to interiDret, because of multiple electronic states which are involved due to energy transfer between B and C sites. [Pg.3040]

Favorsldi reanangement, is a stepwise reaction with the breaking and making of the three bonds at different time intervals. [Pg.191]

The X, should be uncorrclatcd. If they arc correlated, however, one way of finding a solution is stepwise MLR where only those x arc chosen for the model which arc not correlated with already used... [Pg.446]

The Japanese program system AlPHOS is developed by Funatsu s group at Toyo-hashi Institute of Technology [40]. AlPHOS is an interactive system which performs the retrosynthetic analysis in a stepwise manner, determining at each step the synthesis precursors from the molecules of the preceding step. AlPHOS tries to combine the merits of a knowledge-based approach with those of a logic-centered approach. [Pg.576]

It must be pointed out that transformations of this type do not take place stepwise, as indicated above the ultimate change is equivalent to the simultaneous separation of the hydroxyl group and attachment of the migrating... [Pg.349]

Polymerisation may occur as a result of dehydration of these compounds to methylene and dimethylene urea or more probably by a stepwise loss of water between the molecules of methylol and dimethylol-urea. [Pg.1017]

In a recent experimental study of the femtosecond dynamics of a Diels-Alder reaction in the gas phase it has been suggested that both concerted and stepwise trajectories are present simultaneously It is interesting to read the heated debates between Houk and Dewar on the... [Pg.5]

Synthesis Though we could follow the stepwise pattern of the disconnections, it is easier to add an activating group to the acetone molecule so that our starting materials are two molecules of acetoaeetate and formaldehyde. It turns out that Hagemann s ester can be made in two steps without having to alkylate the Mannich base ... [Pg.41]

Overall, WebLab MedChem Explorer is very easy to use. The stepwise job setup works well, assuming that all users will be following a conventional drug rehnement process. It is not a program that can be used for complex simulations requiring the researcher to manually control many details of the simulation. [Pg.356]

Generally the determination of the reactivity of a particular compound depends upon comparison of its rate of nitration with that of benzene at the same acidity and temperature. Because of the spread of rates this may not be practically possible and, in any case, is usually not necessary because of the parallelism existing among rate profiles (fig. 2.4). Reactivities in aqueous sulphuric acid are, in fact, very nearly independent of acidity, and stepwise comparison of data for a compound with those of benzene determined at different acidities is possible. [Pg.123]

The relative rate is derived from the kinetic data " by stepwise comparison with m-nicrotoluene, chlorobenzene and benzene. Kinetic data are available for the acidity range 8o-o-Q5-6 % sulphuric acid. See also ref. 43. [Pg.179]

Nats 1. A prompt start occurs when the Zn/Cu couple is of good quality. If the reaction does not start at room temperature, the mixture should be warmed stepwise (first to 25°C, then to 30°C, etc.) until a further rise of the temperature is observed. [Pg.191]

Synthetic oligonucleotides may be used as "primers and be elongated stepwise with the aid of polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) and nucleoside diphosphates. [Pg.225]


See other pages where Stepwise is mentioned: [Pg.522]    [Pg.666]    [Pg.1067]    [Pg.1069]    [Pg.1071]    [Pg.1187]    [Pg.1528]    [Pg.1870]    [Pg.2585]    [Pg.2798]    [Pg.2799]    [Pg.3040]    [Pg.305]    [Pg.305]    [Pg.45]    [Pg.241]    [Pg.106]    [Pg.608]    [Pg.533]    [Pg.208]    [Pg.330]    [Pg.626]    [Pg.36]    [Pg.222]    [Pg.115]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.171]    [Pg.228]    [Pg.239]   
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1,3-Dienes stepwise

1.3- Dipolar cycloaddition reactions stepwise mechanism

1.3- Dipolar cycloadditions stepwise mechanism

Acetal hydrolysis stepwise

Acid catalysis, stepwise

Adsorption stepwise function

Aggregation stepwise

Alkenes stepwise radical

Amino acid stepwise condensation

Amplification stepwise

Apparent Activation Energy of a Stepwise Process

Arene stepwise mechanism

Backward elimination, stepwise regression

Bond dissociation energy stepwise

Calixarenes stepwise synthesis

Chain elongation, stepwise

Chain lengthening, stepwise

Charge reduction stepwise

Chelation stepwise coordination

Complex stepwise stability constants

Complexes stepwise formation constant

Computational studies stepwise Diels-Alder reactions

Concerted and Stepwise Reactions

Concerted versus Stepwise Mechanism

Condensation stepwise

Constant stepwise

Coordination complexes stepwise

Copolymer random, stepwise polymerization

Correspondence ethylene, stepwise

Cross-coupling stepwise

Crystallization stepwise isothermal

Cyclizations stepwise

Cycloaddition stepwise

Cyclobutanes stepwise

Cyclopropanations stepwise

Degradation stepwise peptide

Dendrimers stepwise synthesis

Diels-Alder reactions concerted/stepwise mechanisms

Diels-Alder reactions stepwise

EBW Detonator with Stepwise Increasing Bore

Electrochemical Reactions with Stepwise Electron Transfer

Electron stepwise

Electron transfer stepwise

Elementary and Stepwise Reactions

Elution stepwise

Enamines cycloaddition, stepwise

Energy transfer stepwise

Equilibrium constant stepwise, for complex formation

Equilibrium constants stepwise

Excitation techniques, stepwise laser

Film thinning stepwise

Final method stepwise procedure

Fluorescence, types stepwise

Fluorination stepwise

Forward stepwise multiple linear regression

Fragment condensation stepwise

Fragmentation stepwise

Free stepwise

Glycosylation stepwise synthesis

Halogenation stepwise

Hetero Diels-Alder reactions stepwise

How to Solve Organic Reaction Mechanisms: A Stepwise Approach, First Edition. Mark G. Moloney

Hydrogen addition, stepwise 11/11 transfer

Hydrogen naphthalene, stepwise

Hydrogen stepwise

Hydrophobicity functional group stepwise

Ligands stepwise coordination

Linear modeling by stepwise subset selection

Loading stepwise

Metal-carbon bonds, stepwise

Migration stepwise 1,4-allyl

Molecular stepwise separation

Multiple Proton Transfer From Stepwise to Concerted

N stepwise

One-step vs. Stepwise Reaction Mechanisms in Pericyclic Reactions

Oxidation stepwise

Peptides degradation, stepwise, from

Peptides stepwise monitoring

Phosphates stepwise hydrolysis

Polar solvents stepwise

Polar stepwise

Polar stepwise 2 + 2-cycloaddition

Polycondensation stepwise approach

Polymer stepwise

Polymerization stepwise

Precipitation stepwise, fractionation

Principal stepwise

Procedure Stepwise regression analysis

Proton transfer, stepwise

Rate and Stepwise Loading of Fibers

Reaction mechanism stepwise

Reaction stepwise

Reaction, chain, copolymer stepwise

Regression analysis stepwise

Reversible stepwise condensation

SEQUENCE B The Stepwise Synthesis of Nylon

SPPS stepwise approaches

Scheme 21. Proposed stepwise catalytic alcoholysis of dihydridosilanes

Single and Stepwise Double Hydrogen Transfer in H-bonds of Medium Strength

Stability constants stepwise

Stepwise Addition Polymerization (Polyaddition)

Stepwise Automation of PASP Synthesis in Batch Mode

Stepwise Coupling Reaction with Two Different Electrophiles

Stepwise DSC

Stepwise Degassing

Stepwise Degradation

Stepwise Dissociation Constants for Several Common Polyprotic Acids

Stepwise Excitation and Spectroscopy of Rydberg States

Stepwise HHH-transfer

Stepwise HHHH-transfer

Stepwise Hydrogen Transfer

Stepwise Increase in Temperature Setpoint

Stepwise Logic Algorithm Synthesis Strategies

Stepwise Methodology

Stepwise Photochlorination

Stepwise SPC Chart

Stepwise Solution of the Combined Dipolar and NOE Equations

Stepwise Stability Constants, K and

Stepwise acid-promoted

Stepwise addition

Stepwise addition double bond additions

Stepwise addition method

Stepwise addition method regression

Stepwise addition polymerization

Stepwise addition triplet carbenes

Stepwise addition without

Stepwise addition without termination

Stepwise aggregation, micelles

Stepwise and Block Syntheses of Oligosaccharides

Stepwise and Mean Bond Dissociation Enthalpies

Stepwise and Overall Formation Constants for Complex Ions

Stepwise and concerted

Stepwise and concerted pathways

Stepwise and concerted processes

Stepwise approaches

Stepwise approximation

Stepwise association

Stepwise association model

Stepwise binding constants

Stepwise biradical pathway

Stepwise blanching

Stepwise bond cleavage

Stepwise bond dissociation enthalpies

Stepwise chain assembly

Stepwise chain assembly peptide synthesis

Stepwise complex formation

Stepwise coordination

Stepwise coordination method

Stepwise coordination reaction

Stepwise coupling of groups in a molecule

Stepwise coupling polymerization

Stepwise coupling reaction

Stepwise cracking

Stepwise cross-coupling reactions

Stepwise decomposition

Stepwise decomposition reaction

Stepwise deformation

Stepwise dehydrogenation

Stepwise development

Stepwise direct route

Stepwise discriminant analysis

Stepwise discrimination analysis

Stepwise dissociation constants

Stepwise dissociation energies

Stepwise elimination

Stepwise elution fractionation

Stepwise elution fractionation procedure

Stepwise energy loss

Stepwise equilibria

Stepwise excitation

Stepwise filtering

Stepwise fluorescence

Stepwise formation constant

Stepwise formation of complexes

Stepwise fractionation

Stepwise free-radical reactions

Stepwise gradient optimization

Stepwise gradient optimization graphical method

Stepwise gradients

Stepwise graphical calculations

Stepwise hydrogenation

Stepwise insertion mechanism

Stepwise ionic type

Stepwise irreversibility

Stepwise isothermal analysis

Stepwise isothermal approach

Stepwise isothermal segregation

Stepwise isotherms

Stepwise iterative methodology

Stepwise kinetics

Stepwise kinetics activation energy

Stepwise kinetics definition

Stepwise kinetics examples

Stepwise laser excitation

Stepwise learning

Stepwise many-electron process

Stepwise mechanism

Stepwise mechanism Subject

Stepwise mechanism criterion

Stepwise mechanism, pressure effects, high

Stepwise mechanism/process

Stepwise methods

Stepwise multiple linear regression

Stepwise nucleophilic substitution

Stepwise nucleophilic substitution carbons

Stepwise nucleophilic substitution concerted reactions

Stepwise nucleophilic substitution coupling

Stepwise nucleophilic substitution intermediates

Stepwise pathway

Stepwise perturbation

Stepwise photoionization

Stepwise polycondensation

Stepwise polycondensation urea-formaldehyde resins

Stepwise polymerisation

Stepwise principal component regression

Stepwise process

Stepwise process sequence

Stepwise progression

Stepwise progression of resistance

Stepwise proton transfer (trapping)

Stepwise protonation constants

Stepwise pyrolysis

Stepwise quasi-isothermal MTDSC

Stepwise reaction, determining standard

Stepwise reactions cycloadditions, thermal

Stepwise reactions involving

Stepwise reactions photochemical

Stepwise reconstitution of

Stepwise reduction

Stepwise refinement

Stepwise regression

Stepwise scanning —

Stepwise selection

Stepwise separations

Stepwise solvation

Stepwise solvation processes

Stepwise substitution

Stepwise synthesis

Stepwise synthesis, oligosaccharide

Stepwise transformations

Stepwise transitions

Stepwise tunneling model

Stepwise variable selection

Stepwise vs. Concerted Mechanisms

Stepwise, Schema-Guided Logic Algorithm Synthesis

Stepwise, Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis Of Endiandric Acids A-D (and E-G)

Strategy, stepwise

Symmetry controlled reactions concerted v. stepwise

Synthetic strategies stepwise

The Stepwise Reduction of Potassium Permanganate in an Alkaline Medium

The Use of a Stepwise Function

Trans- , stepwise addition

Transesterification stepwise

Treatments Based on Stepwise Solvent Replacements

Trends in stepwise stability constants

Variable stepwise

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