Steep inclinations

Several designs of screws are shown in Figure 5.7. The basic design is one in which the pitch equals the diameter. Closer spacing is needed for carrying up steep inclines, and in fact very line pitch screws operating at the relatively high speeds of 350 rpm are used to convey vertically. The capacity of a standard pitch screws drops off sharply with the inclination, for example ... 

The etch pattern of dislocations is determined by the inclination of dislocations to the surface. For dislocations lying nearly parallel to the surface, dislocation lines are observed. For dislocations lying at a steep inclination to the surface, etch pits result. The basic unit of an etch pit is generally bounded by the (111) planes intersecting the surface. The shape of a dislocation etch pit, which can be viewed as a superposition of the basic units etched at different intervals along a dislocation, is uniquely determined by the orientation of wafer surfaces and dislocation lines. Figure 7.61 schematically illustrates the shapes of etch pits developed on the three major surfaces. 

Sometimes it is desired to enhance friction differentially in one direction as opposed to another. A sawtooth surface where the incline is more gradual in one direction than another allows material to slide more easily in the direction of the less steep incline. 

Zhang Y.L., Li K.F., Ren S.G 2010. Overlying strata movement property of fully mechanized caving mining in steep inclined steam. Journal of Xi An University of Science and Technology, 30(2) 150-153. 

In one variant of the rotary kiln by the Olifomo process operated by Accumulatoren - Fabrik, Oerliken, Switzerland, the kiln is used to incinerate whole batteries to produce a molten slag and lead bullion, which are simply granulated together on discharge from the kiln. The kiln is designed with a relatively steep incline to allow molten lead to drain rapidly and not be held up in the kiln and possibly be oxidised. 

The remission spectra (Figure 19.4) can be elegantly interpreted by means of the optical constants, on the basis of Mie s theory. Small remission values for blue light, due to the solid-state absorption band (40-460 nm) are followed by a steep incline at 500 nm. At longer wavelengths the optical window is open to green and red light, which can be scattered effectively by the TiOj particles of the white reduction. 

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