Steels, Chrome Compositions

Abrasion Cutting, small groves (cutting tools, plows, cultivators) Change material to high-carbon steel or 20-30% Cr white cast iron or WC or TiC composites and by increasing surface hardness using hard-chrome plate... 

In recent years, a number of especially resistant iron alloys have appeared on the market and have been rapidly adopted. They are, essentially, nickel-chrome-iron alloys, usually containing very little carbon. These alloys are very resistant to acids and alkalis and are used chiefly where high resistance to chemicals is the deciding factor. The different VA-steels, and the English S-80, are examples of these alloys which vary in composition depending on the particular application. These alloys withstand concentrated nitric acid, and other acids, except hydrochloric, scarcely attack them at all. They are especially important in modem high pressure syntheses. Potassium hydroxide scarcely attacks these alloys even in fusion mixtures, and they are quite satisfactory, therefore, for indanthrene fusions. (Nickel is also suitable in this particular case.)... 

FIGURE 11. Photographs of inqjact damage in Slurry Cast (tcp) and Prepr (bottom) HiPerComp composites caused by 4mm chrome-steel projectiles fired at various velocities. The photographs show the back sides of the samples, which generally showed mote damage than the impact sides. 

The relatively harsh surface created by the singeing process can be made smoother through the heat and pressure of a calendering process. The heated bowl in this operation is normally of chrome-plated steel composition, whereas the second bowl, which applies the pressure, usually comprises a somewhat softer material so as not to crush the fabric when the pressure... 

CARBON. Bushes of the following compositions were run for 1 2 psi in liquid oxygen on hard chrome plate and ground finish unplated S.80 stainless steel shafts at 500 rpm and 2,000 rpm. 

The composition varies widely a typical refractory-grade ore contains (per cent) Cr203,40-45 Si02, 3-6 and AI2O3, FeO, and MgO, 15-20 of each. The principal use in the refractories industry is in the manufacture of chrome-magnesite bricks for the steel industry Chrome Red. See Chinese red. 

In order to simulate ion stopping and ion ranges in RPV steels it is possible use the TRIM (Transport of Ions in Matter) software. A collision model is considered linear if, after an ion has collided with an atom, the atom only goes on to collide with stationary atoms in the target, and never with atoms that have already been set in motion by a previous event (Figure 4.24). The simulation results for an idealised steel alloy (with a composition of 94% iron, 4% chrome and 2% nickel) have been published [70],... 

The indent sides of composite test specimens were polished with 600 SiC paper to provide a smooth surface for indentation. Indentation testing was performed with an electromechanical test frame using 1.59 mm-diameter, hardened (HRCS60) chrome-steel ball indenters, the same ball projectiles that were utilized in FOD testing for the composites [1-2]. Indentation loads ranging from 0 to 2940 N were used, with typically a total of five indents for a given indentation load. Indentation load was applied onto the polished sides of the CMC specimens for about 20 s. In-situ indentation depth was determined using an LVDT to obtain load-versus-displacement curves. 

Composite components are pretreated using peel ply techniques and FR-HiTEMP has devised their own patented method for the pretreatment of high chrome steel. 

Martino M, Curletto L, Bonifacino V. Some correlations between composition and characteristics in the field of chrome-free refractories for steel degassing. No. 11 on CD-Rom. Proc. Unified Inti. Tech. Conf. on Refractories, Cancun, Mexico, 2001 13. 

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