Static test inputs

The main objective of the humidity sensitivity test is to determine the cell voltage under different RH levels for hydrogen (or fuel) and air (or oxygen) at four different current densities. During the test, the static test inputs (reactant temperatures, stoichiometries, composition, and pressures) should be kept at the values selected within the ranges and with the accuracy specified. All functional inputs and outputs are measured versus time (test duration). When the cell voltage drops below 0.3 V... 

During the test, the static test inputs (temperature, pressure, and RH) should be kept at the values selected within the ranges and for the accuracy specified... 

Table 21.9 Variable test inputs the static inputs are given in Table 21.6.

In addition, three different types of place-to-transition arcs are utilized, i.e. the weighted arcs, the inhibitor arcs and the static test arcs. The transition enabling rules of these place-to-transition arcs are listed in Table 1. In this table, M denotes the number of tokens in input places and W denotes the weight of corresponding arc. 

The static test arc is marked by a directed dash line. In general, it is often used to replace the self-looping structure in PN. In other words, a static test arc is equivalent to two equally-weighted arcs pointing in opposite directions. Notice that this arc also does not allow token flow, i.e. the token quantity of its input place cannot be reduced by firing the output transition. 

In some cases, it may be useful to dissent from the method of creep experiments under a constant static load and to subject the adhesive joint to a sequence of periodical static load events. The additional information obtained in this manner is the creep and the creep recovery behavior of an adhesive joint with viscoelastic properties (O Fig. 34.15). The test in this case was carried out using single lap shear specimens and a time controlled mechanical lifting device to apply and remove a balanced weight causing a periodically repeating history of static load inputs. 

Static performance measurements related to positioner/ac tuator operation are conformity, measured accuracy, hysteresis, dead baud, repeatability, and locked stem-pressure gain. Definitions and standardized test procedures for determining these measurements can be found in ISA-S75.13-1989, Method of Evaluating the Performance of Positioners with Analog Input Signals and Pneumatic Output . 

Software verification consists of tasks performed to evaluate if the software is performing desired tasks and providing desirable results. Software verification is part of software validation. Software testing is one of the many verification activities intended to confirm that software development output meets its input requirements. Other verification activities include various static and dynamic analyses, code and document inspections, walkthroughs, and other techniques [14]. 

The arrest values for the static DCB tests with aluminum adherends are shown in Figure 6. These values were calculated by inputting load, crack length, and openii displacement values collected following crack arrest into the corrected beam theoiy equations previously presented. 

The system should be subjected to a wide range of static input and dynamic input tests. It is important to exercise all parts of the system using reahstic scenarios involving all inputs (dynamic testing). However, because it is neither reasonably practicable nor safe to test the behaviour of a safety system using real accident scenarios on the plant, the system should be tested using a simulation of the accident scenarios. A test harness could be used to record the results. 

Formal verification methods provide an alternative, in particular for safety-critical applications. One such method is abstract interpretation, which allows properties to be proven for all program runs with all inputs [8]. Nowadays, abstract interpretation-based static analyzers that can detect stack overflows [14] and violations of timing constraints [16], and that can prove the absence of runtime errors, are widely used in industry [15] (cf. Sec. 2). The advantage of abstract interpretation is that it enables full control and data coverage, but can be easily automatized and can reduce the testing effort. 

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