Startup delays

A hazard assessment during the prestartup period should be a final check rather than an initial assessment. This review should include the status of recommended changes from previous hazard studies and any significant design changes made after the final design. If serious hazards are identified at this time, it is unlikely that they can be eliminated without significant cost or startup delay. 

Apart from the electrode warpage and shutdown losses discussed above, certain other technical problems remain to be solved. They include internal leakage, optimization of performance in the low-temperature range, possible startup delays, weight decrease, and packaging capability. It is possible that the bulkiness and weight of this system may limit its potential EV applications to vehicles larger than compact. 

Were the identified PSSR-related startup delays beneficial to helping assure long-term safety performance ... 

Businesses tend to provide their own insurance cover when individual claims are likely to be a small fraction of the available capital. The cost of commercial insurance is about 30 percent higher than would be necessaty to cover the same risk in one s own company However, for low-probabdity, high-cost risks, most businesses prefer to insure with a commercial insurance company. Such risks include loss of plant or buildings due to fire and losses of revenue due to delays in startup or strikes. 

Ideally the compressor can be placed on the foundation, aligned, grouted, and piping connected. Shortly thereafter, the unit can be started. Most of the time there are lags between the various steps. User careles.s-ness here can delay ultimate startup and may mar what otherwise might have been a very successful installation. 

Troyan13 suggests that all pumps, compressors, turbines, and other equipment should be checked internally before they are turned on. He notes that such an inspection of a large gas compressor revealed rust and scale from nearby pipes, a welding rod, and a small pipe wrench within the cylinder itself. Starting up the compressor before these items were removed could have done enough damage that whole sections would need replacement. This could have delayed the startup for weeks or even months. 

The importance of completing the plant design, construction, and startup on time has been noted many times in the previous chapters. Every delay means a loss of money. This is true if for no other reason than that some of the money for design, construction, and startup has been spent, and the rest has been committed. No return can be obtained on what has been spent, and a subnormal return will be received on the remainder until after the plant is producing a product. As stated in Chapter 10, time is money. 

On Friday, February 19, a 1.5-inch feed line to the heater column was replaced with a 2-inch line, which delayed startup until later in the morning. The concentration of liquid solution in the charge tank at that time was about 57% hydroxylamine. It steadily increased throughout the day. Between 7 00 and 7 15 p.m., the concentration of liquid solution in the charge tank was recorded as 86% hydroxylamine. 

Clearly define a process for delaying maintenance and capital work in the event of budget constraints. Critical repair work should not be delayed. Environmental, Safety, and Health reviews should be conducted on delay of scheduled mechanical integrity program inspections. (Before startup)... 

Carefully review startup and shutdown procedures and the consequence of a time delay in any step of the process. Evaluate the consequences of an extended hold or shut down period on plant operation. 

Unfortunately the temporary filter was placed between the compressor and a low suction pressure trip. The compressor suction pressure was reduced to a vacuum and air intruded into the system. The air reacted within the system. A decomposition occurred further downstream and a major fire caused many months delay in the startup of this unit. 

It became necessary to hydrostatically test the vessel jacket, so it was properly blinded and passed the test. But during the startup, as the inlet cooling water valve was opened, the small flat top vessel collapsed. Repairs were expensive and the startup was delayed by several weeks because no one remembered to remove the blind on the valve-free water discharge line. [14]... 

Requirements may be identified that will need to be addressed before the Management of Change procedure is complete. The second-level supervisor or department head is responsible to assure that suspended items within the PSSR are completed. Suspended items could include updating master drawings with the hand-corrected as built mark-ups, completing the documentation to set up proof tests or vessel inspections or other important items that should not necessarily delay a startup. 

When an empty hopper is not the cause of machine output failure, plastic might have stopped flowing through the feed throat because of screw bridging. An overheated feed throat, or startup followed with a long plasticator operating delay, could build up sticky plastics and stop flow in the hopper throat. Plastics can also stick to the screw at the feed throat or just forward from it. When this happens, plastic just turns around with the screw, effectively sealing off the screw channel from... 

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