Sealing effect

Equipment The geometiy of the pump or compressor is veiy important in seal effectiveness. Different pumps with the same shaft diameter and the total differential head can present different sealing problems. 

Sealing effect crealed by mechanical preloading provided by spring action of seal and by hydraulic pressure... 

Sealed Bearings E - Seals Effective F - Seals Failed... 

Kelly. Because of its greater seal effectiveness within the rotating head, a hexagonal rather than a square kelly should be used in air (or gas) drilling operations. 

Quality control. The flatness, parallelism, and surface finish of the mating sleeve faces must be carefully controlled to obtain maximum seal effectiveness. 

This process requires certain standards for the container as well as the filler. A bottle must have a standardised neck finish to allow it to seal effectively at all times with the filler bowl. It must also have sufficient top load to withstand the forces involved during the filling process. Most modem bottle fillers now lift... 

Although thickness uniformity on the workpiece scale is often critical in microelectronic applications, the present article is not primarily concerned with the workpiece scale. One reason for this is that workpiece-seale effects are similar, whether or not the substrate is patterned (although there can be important differences, as discussed in [23]). Our present scope is restricted to the pattern and feature scales, which are more distinctly relevant to patterned electrodeposition. 

The prediction of the sealing effect of brittle deformation in reservoir sandstones involves several steps (Figs. 2 and 6). At present, predictions are limited to clean sandstones. The initial step assesses the potential for and extent of cataclastic deformation. If cataclastic deformation can be shown to be the likely deformation mechanism, then the fault properties can... 

D (Gibson, 1994) and do not allow assessment of the sealing effects of shale-derived fault rock in the... 

Capillary sealing effects take place at the interface between the non-wetting phase in a reservoir and the wetting phase within a top seal. The capillary forces exerted at this interface are in no way related to the thickness of the seal above. Therefore the existence of a relationship between top seal thickness and sealing capacity is not expected in the field. Thicker seals may be better equipped to resist breaching by faults, but will not retain greater columns by capillary resistance. 

Capillary sealing effects are controlled by wetting phenomena which, for hydrocarbons in general, are poorly constrained. In real sub-surface situations, the assumption of a water-wet seal is reasonable for an initially hydrocarbon-free seal. This may be less likely in dynamic situations where capillary seals may leak periodically in the presence of active charge. The wetting properties of seals may change through time an initially water-wet seal may evolve into a hydrocarbon-wet seal, due to the adsorption of a variety of compounds from crude oil, such as asphaltenes (Anderson, 1986). This may ultimately result in a top seal which has no capillary seal capacity and leaks via two-phase flow. 

Spatial variations in seal effectiveness can be represented by a chance factor map (Duff and Hall, 1996). Each domain can be associated with a chance factor score representing the estimated chance of encountering a successful seal. The magnitude of the scores combines a process-based interpretation of the factors controlling seal effectiveness together with an assessment of the quality of the data on which the interpretation is based. The chance domain map shown in Fig. 15 represents the top-seal effectiveness for the two pre-Cretaceous play styles that have been the subject of this paper footwall fault blocks and inversions. A grading from higher chance of seal to lower chance of seal is shown rather than numerical chance factor values for simplicity. 

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