Standard Oil Development Company

The Chemist s View. The Forum on the Future of Industrial Research, sponsored by Standard Oil Development Company, Oct. 5, 1944. [Later published in Chemical and Engineering News. 22 (Oct. 25, 1944) 1756-1760.] Kettering file 17/38. Source for Midgley s last speech, delivered by telephone. 

Anglo-Jersey A paraffin isomerization process, catalysed by aluminum trichloride supported on bauxite. Developed by the Anglo Iranian Oil Company and Standard Oil Development Company. 

SL separate loading SODC Standard Oil Development Company... 

HerbstWA. Adsorptive distillation. U.S. Patent 2,665,315, Standard Oil Development Company, 1954. 

Standard Oil Development Company, UK Patent 445813 (1935) Chem. Abstr., 30, 6936... 

Shortly after World War II, a research chemist at the Standard Oil Development Company (Esso) strolled into an oil additive laboratory and saw an interesting intermediate called perchloro-methyl mercaptan (CCI3SCI). A. F. Kittleson, spurred by visions of the trichloromethyl group in that then new miracle drug DDT, decided to try some reactions with the above described sulfenyl halide. 

In order to simulate the performance of the bomb when dropped firom aircraft, a mortar was constructed at Standard Oil Development Company and used to fire the bombs downward onto a target at any chosen velocity. The mortar was mounted on a movable crane. .. so that the point of impact of the bomb on the structure below could be closely controlled. Various sections of typical enemy domestic and industrial structures were employed to test the penetration, functioning, and fire-raising characteristics of the 6-pound oil bomb.. . Over 20,000 bombs were tested by Standard Oil Development Company before the final design was standardized. [Noyes, page 391]. 

The other vapor-phase butane-isomerization process was developed cooperatively by the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and the Standard Oil Development Company. It is similar to the Isocel process, but it turns the volatility of aluminum chloride from a liability into an asset. The first plant was put into operation in October, 1942. This process is described (18) by the simplified flow diagram shown in Figure 15. 

In the fluid-catalyst process, finely divided catalyst powder is continuously circulated from reactor to regenerator and back again without mechanical means. The fluid process was originated by the Standard Oil Development Company, the research organization of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, in collaboration with The M. W. Kellogg Company and Standard Oil Company (Indiana). Other companies participating in the development were Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, Ltd., Shell Oil Company, The Texas Company, and Universal Oil Products Company. This process was first announced in 1941 (48). 

Fig. 45. Standard Oil Development Company, Model IV design of fluid cracking unit. [Weber, Oil Gas J. 61, No. 46, 167 (1953). Reprinted by permission.]...

Petroleum Companies. Some of the major petroleum companies are carrying on extensive research programs on problems associated with the presence of sulfur in petroleum and as a product of this research some information on the availability of sulfur compounds derivable from petroleum has been obtained. While much of this information is of necessity confidential, some portion of it is eventually presented at American Chemical Society meetings or is published in the chemical literature. Although no attempt can be made to name all the companies carrying on work of this sort, there have been recent contributions by research workers from Phillips Petroleum Company, Standard Oil Development Company, Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, Union Oil Company, and Standard Oil Company (Indiana). 

Centrifuge considered. The centrifuge example whose separation performance is to be evaluated has the dimensions of the centrifuge tested by the Standard Oil Development Company in 1944 and described by Beams et al. [B3] ... 

In 1937 Robert McKee Thomas (1908-1986) and William Joseph Sparks (1904-1976) at the Standard Oil Development Company (now Exxon) synthesized butyl rubber via the copolymerization (polymerization of a mixture of monomers) of isobutylene (2-methylpropene (CHj)2C=CH2) with a small amount of isoprene. 

Even after several years of testing cracking catalysts it was a real eye-opener for me to read a 1953 article by Blanding ( ) of Standard Oil Development Company. In it he showed the plot reproduced in Figure 1. 

Concurrently with these efforts at the start of World War IT, Standard Oil Development Company worked on a sodium soap thickener indeed, as a field expedient, ordinary laundry soap does quite well where long-lasting stability is no object. The most recent developments omit the soaps altogether and use as a basis a large amount of synthetic plastic compound. The mixture, called Napalm B, while solidifying at —will remain a viscous liquid even on exposure to lower temperatures because of slow heat transfer. The idea of a thus-thickened hydrocarbon fuel is also found in a Belgian patent. ... 

The contrast of the success of the materials provision, after the Laboratory took over, with its earlier stagnation did not go by imnoticed in the Laboratory. There were many who were inclined to blame Mr. Murphree for the delays. I never agreed with this point of view and believe that there are few left now who still maintain it. It was the system which was to be blamed which did not realize that human beings are not machines and are inefficient if they are used as machines. Nobody in the Standard Oil Development Company was or could be really interested in the procurement of the materials for us and all they tried to do was to carry out instructions. There was nobody, however, who could have given definite instructions. The whole affair is a sad commentary only for those (and Mr. Murphree does not belong to that class) for whom visionary is a word of scorn and eagerness and enthusiasm are reasons for contempt. It is more sad than this that the authorities learned exactly nothing from this experience and continued to prefer machines to men whenever the occasion arose. 

Chemical engineer with Standard Oil Development Company and head of Planning Board on Uranium of OSRD... 

Engineer, Standard Oil Development Company Tolman, Richard C. 

The mixer-settler developed by the U.S. Standard Oil Development Company is similar in principle to the Holley Mott extractor, but a box type of construction is adopted with a double bank arrangement, as used... 

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