Standard cure rate

Figure 14. Batio of ozone-free /standard cure rate (56)...

The Effect of Light Source on Curing Rate. As stated earlier, Sylvania F4T5 was the lamp used in the standard Photo-DSC measurements and this lamp had a broad emission spectrum centered at 350 nm. When an alternate lamp (GE F4T5) with an emission peak at 365 nm was used, the ranking of initiators, in terms of peak time, remained the same. Table III lists representative results from these experiments. The emission spectrum of this GE lamp was also shown in Figure 3. 

This pediatric cancer stands as an example of how cooperative group studies (NWTS and SIOP) have been able to integrate both chemotherapy and radiation into standard therapy while minimizing side-effects and dramatically improving cure rates as seen in the improvement of the 5-yr relative survival rates from 74% in 1974-1976 to 93% in 1989-1996 (60). The fifth NWTS trial began in 1995 and is expected to continue until 2003 (see Table 5) (60). This study will search for biological prognostic factors and examine the rates of cancer and birth defects in children born to survivors of Wilms tumor. 

For decades the standard treatment approach for muscle-invasive disease has been a radical cystectomy. This therapy provides excellent local control with relatively few pelvic recurrences (1). Aggressive surgical intervention also provides a significant cure rate, with an overall 5-yr survival for organ-confined disease of 65%, while those with extravesical extension 40% and for those with lymph-node positive disease 15% (1-6). Over the past several decades, radical cystectomy has become a much safer procedure,... 

Gonorrhea, typhoid fever, and brucellosis have been treated with TMP-SMX with cure rates comparable to those attained by standard therapy. It also has been used in the treatment of nocardial infections. 

For the difference between two proportions, for example if we are looking at the difference — t2 between the cure rate in the active group (group 1) and the cure rate in the placebo group (group 2), the standard error formula is /rl (1 — r jn - - r2 (1 — rj)ln2 where i and are the numbers of subjects in groups 1 and 2 respectively. 

The standard dose is 11 mg (base)/kg (maximum, 1 g), given orally once with or without food. For pinworm, the dose is repeated in 2 weeks, and cure rates are greater than 95%. The drug is available in the USA without prescription for this indication. 

The standard dosage, 25 mg/kg (maximum 1.5 g) twice daily, should be given after meals. Tablets should be chewed. For strongyloides infection, treatment is for 2 days. Cure rates are reportedly 93%. A course can be repeated in 1 week if indicated. In patients with hyperinfection syndrome, the standard dose is continued twice daily for 5-7 days. For cutaneous larva migrans, thiabendazole cream can be applied topically, or the oral drug can be given for 2 days (although albendazole is less toxic and therefore preferred). 

The Mooney viscometer offers a more convenient way of measuring scorch and even rate of cure, and a standard method for scorch is given in ISO 289-238 and the BS and ASTM equivalents39 40, as mentioned in Section 3.3 of this chapter. This is essentially the method of ISO 289-1 continued until the viscosity reaches a specified number of Mooney units above its minimum value, either 5 or 3 units depending on whether the large or small rotor is used. The minimum viscosity and the time to reach 5 or 3 units above minimum viscosity are reported. In earlier versions of this test the difference between times to 5 units and 35 units above minimum viscosity was taken as an indication of the rate of cure, but this measure of cure rate is now been superceded. 

Series of runs were made to explore the effects of temperature, catalyst, and initiator on the cure rate (Figures 1 through 3). Taking a Barcol hardness of 63 as a reasonable level for comparison, standard formulations reached this level in 48 hours at 75°C, 24 hours at 85°C,... 

Optimal dosage schedules vary for different regions of the world. In the Western Hemisphere and western Africa, the adult oxamniquine dosage is 12-15 mg/kg given once. In northern and southern Africa, standard schedules are 15 mg/kg twice daily for 2 days. In eastern Africa and the Arabian peninsula, standard dosage is 15-20 mg/kg twice in 1 day. Cure rates are 70-95%, with marked reduction in egg excretion in those not cured. 

A very comprehensive multicenter, randomized, double-blind study of two parallel treatment arms (the MOSAIC study MOxifloxacin compared to Standard therapy in Acute Infectious exacerbations of Chronic infections) demonstrated the powerful clinical activity of moxifloxacin for the treatment of AECB. Five-day treatment with moxifloxacin (400 mg, once daily for 5 days) was found to produce clinical cure rates that were superior to those achieved with 7-day treatment with a standard antibiotic (amoxicillin 500 mg three times daily for 7 days clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 7 days cefuroxime 250 mg twice daily for 7 days) [184]. 

Table 115-12 provides treatment recommendations for Trichomonas infections. The standard therapy for trichomoniasis is metronidazole 2 g orally as a single dose cure rates are comparable with the recommended alternative regimen of 500 mg twice daily for 7 days. When sexual partners are treated simultaneously, cure rates greater than 95% are reported. If sexual partners are not treated concurrently, cure rates are somewhat lower. In limited clinical testing, single metronidazole doses of less than 1.5 g are associated with high failure rates fss,67,es,70-77... 

The specific dnration of antibiotic therapy needed in the management of osteomyelitis is usually 4 to 6 weeks. Failures approaching 20% have been observed in children treated with injectable antibiotics for 3 weeks or less. Thus, with the data indicating a minimum of 3 weeks of antibiotic therapy, the standard treatment for osteomyelitis has been parenteral antibiotics for 4 to 6 weeks. Although these data were determined in children, this duration-of-therapy recommendation is also used in adults. A trial assessing ceftriaxone 2 g intravenously once daily for at least 6 weeks for S. aureus osteomyelitis achieved a cure rate of 11% The failures in this study were in patients with infected necrotic bone or infected hardware (wires, plates, screws, and rods) that could not be removed. 

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