Staining test

Stain (ASTMD1328). This test measures the amount of stain on paper or other ceUulosic materials by asphalt. Variations of the cigarette paper stain procedure include the Barber stain, usually conducted at 54.4°C and 3.9 MN (400 g-force). Talc stain tests are also used. 

Group Efficiency Filter type Stain test efficiency, % Arrestance, %... 

Size polymers on polyester can be determined by staining tests with Cl Basic Red 22, Cl Reactive Red 12, iodine/potassium iodide solution, or a mixed indicator. The extraction of size components and their determination in solution using a variety of reagents to give a characteristic coloration or a coloured precipitate has been described. Methods using fluorescence spectroscopy with a fluorescent cationic dye (e.g. Pinacryptol Yellow or Cl Basic Orange 14) were also described. 

Materials Required Arsenic limit test apparatus HgCl2—paper smooth white filter paper (having thickness in mm of 400 paper = weight in g per Sq. M.), soaked in a saturated solution of HgCl2, pressed to get rid of excess of soln. and dried at about 60°C in the dark lead acetate solution 10.0% w/v soln. of PbAc2 in C02 free water KI (AsT), 1.0 g Zn (AsT) 10.0 g Dilute Arsenic solution (AST) Standard stains, Test Solutions—are prepared according to the Indian Pharmacopoeia 1996. 

Lack of stimulation of cholesteryl ester formation by exogenously added LDL is a hallmark of NPC. The assay is based on the procedure described by Vanier et al. [58]. The test is only performed after a positive filipin staining test is obtained. 

Pink staining test (usually a Petri dish procedure). 

If a mineral is known to be either anthophyllite or tremolite by dispersion staining tests, the angle of extinction can then be used to distinguish between the two. Caution It is possible for a mineral which usually has inclined extinction to have a few fibers with parallel or close to parallel extinction, depending upon orientation. These fibers can be rolled into a position of maximum extinction. (See section on rolling fibers.)... 

These are organic fibers, usually plant fibers. Occasionally, plant fibers show a single color with a retardation plate which changes in color in a manner similar to asbestos. If morphology suggests the possibility of plant fibers, do a dispersion staining test. 

Immunohistochemical stain test results have no common quantitative measures. Instead, results are typically based on subjective interpretation by microscopists of varying experience (2-4). Quality control and assurance therefore remain crucial, and need high attention by both manufacturers and laboratory users. 

However, too low a wet pickup can be eqnally problematic and also lead to uneven finish distribution if the liquid phase is discontinuous. The concept of a critical application value (CAV) is useful when discnssing optimal wet pickups. The CAV is defined as the minimum amonnt of dnrable press finish liquid that can be applied to a given cotton fabric withont prodncing a non-uniform distribution of crosslinks after drying and curing. Dye staining tests can be used to determine these distributions. For non-cellulosic fibres, other methods of finish distribution analysis can be used. 

In general, an emulsion exhibits the characteristics of its external phase. Several methods are available for identifying the emulsion type. Dilution tests are based on the fact that the emulsion is only miscible with the liquid that forms its continuous phase. Conductivity measurements rely on the poor conductivity of oil compared with water, and give low values in w/o emulsions where oil is the continuous phase. Staining tests in which a water-soluble dye is sprinkled onto the surface of the emulsion also indicate the nature of the continuous phase. With an o/w emulsion there is rapid incorporation of the dye into the system whereas with the w/o emulsion the dye forms microscopically visible clumps. The reverse happens on addition of an oil-soluble dye. These tests essentially identify the continuous phase and do not indicate whether a multiple emulsion has been produced. This can be resolved by microscopy. 

Preliminary tests such as solubility and staining tests... 

Many dyestuffs have been described in the hterature as staining tests for wool damage. Examples are ... 

It is recommended that the sample be separated into the individual fibres before the staining test and that these be treated for 10 min in a solution of about 0.5% wetting agent. After staining tlie sample should be thoroughly rinsed. 

The detection of shrinkproof treatments is not itself part of damage analysis but it can contribute to clarifying cases of damage. To detect chlorinated wool and Hercosett shrinkproof treatments Bayer has suggested the following staining test ... 

Similar staining tests have been described for the detection of sericin and for... 

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