Square brackets names

For bicyclic structures the von Baeyer name consists of the prefix bicyclo-, followed in square brackets by the numbers of carbon atoms separating the bridgeheads on the three possible routes from one bridgehead to the other, followed in turn by the name of the alkane (or other homogeneous hydride, or repeating unit hydride) containing the same number of atoms in the chain as the whole bicyclic skeleton (examples 55-57). Replacement nomenclature can be applied to hydrocarbon names (example 58). 

When ring fusions and/or bridges are present in addition to spiro linkages, the fused or bridged units are first named individually (by any of the available methods) and the names are then cited (in square brackets and in alphabetical order) with the prefix spiro- or dispiro-, etc. Points of spiro attachment are indicated between the names of the components, with primes as necessary (examples 64-66). This method is also applicable to structures like (62) and (63) but is more cumbersome. 

In the snail preceedlng example it can be seen that each data set consists of three fields enclosed by square brackets. The first field is the variable name, the second is the value for that variable, and the third is an optional units field. All fields are read as string variables and the value field is changed to a numeric variable when necessary. The order in which the data sets appear is not Important, nor is their position in... 

The names are a heterogeneous collection—inventors, companies, institutions, places, acronyms, abbreviations, and obvious corruptions of the chemical nomenclature. Derivations, where known, are indicated in square brackets [ ]. The names of chemicals used in the entries are the traditional names commonly used in industry today. 

The peptide nomenclature has been extended to include such analogues. The CO-NH bridge that has been replaced can be indicated by placing ip in square brackets before the name. The ip is placed between superscripts indicating the residues modified, and is followed by a comma and the replacing group, e.g., [3t/t4,CH2-S iupaciubin. 

Only the enzymes mentioned in this atlas are listed here, from among the more than 2000 enzymes known. The enzyme names are based on the iUBlVlB s of dal Enzyme nomenclature 1992. The additions shown in round brackets belong to the enzyme name, while prosthetic groups and other cofactors are enclosed in square brackets. Common names of enzyme groups are given in italics, and trivial names are shown in quotation marks. 

The name of the polymer is simply the name of the preferred CRU enclosed in curves, square brackets or braces and prefixed by poly. The nesting order of enclosing marks is curves, square brackets, braces, then curves, square brackets, braces, etc., i-6- [( [( )] )] This is well illustrated in Examples 21 and 31 in Section 9. 

In another nomenclature recommendation it was suggested that fullerenes be named in the same way as annulenes, for which the number of C-atoms is indicated in square brackets in front of the word [4]. For fullerenes the number of C-atoms is accompanied by the point group symmetry and by the number of the isomer (using capital Roman) in cases were there are more than one. This is especially important for higher fullerenes. Thus, for Buckminsterfullerene the full description is... 

The closed expression for an arbitrary n is calculated in formula (6.14a) in [2], p. 471. While this closed expression is correct, its expansion over Za printed in [2] after an equality sign, contains two misprints. Namely the sign before Za) in the square brackets should be changed to the opposite, and the numerical factor inside these brackets should be —2 instead of —1. After these corrections the expansion in formula (6.14a) in [2] does not contradict the exact expression in the same formula, and also coincides with the result in [1]. 

References with three or more authors and the same first-named author are listed chronologically after one- and two-author references. Pages on which a reference is cited are indicated by numbers in square brackets at the end of the reference. 

Since the individual variations of the orbitals are linearly independent, equation (A.36) can only be true if the quantity inside the large square brackets is zero for every value of a, namely... 

We have occasionally placed older, often obsolete names in square brackets after the IUPAC name. In no case are these intended to be recommended alternatives but merely to be useful guides to the older f and sometimes current) literature. 

Neutral ligand names, with the exception of NH3 (ammine), H20 (aqua), CO (carbonyl) and NO (nitrosyl), are expressed in coordination nomenclature by their unmodified names. The ligand names for all neutral ligands except for the four listed above are enclosed in punctuation (parentheses - ( ), square brackets - [ ], and braces - ). For examples see Table 3. 

Compounds of known composition but uncertain polymeric structure can be conveniently named by selecting a suitable subunit and prefixing poly to the compositional coordination name of the subunit. Bridging and other bonding notations are not generally employed, unless limited bonding and specific structural detail is known about the internal structure of the polymer subunit. The poly prefix is not italicized and the name of the subunit given after poly is enclosed in square brackets. For examples see Table 23. 

A specialized system of nomenclature has been developed, principally by Smith,16 for naming skeletons consisting of aromatic residues linked in various ways by saturated bridges. Those skeletons containing benzene residues only are termed cyclophanes, and names for heteroaromatic analogues are based on the name of the heterocycle with the termination -ophane. The numbers of atoms in the bridges are indicated in square brackets, and the orientation of substitution on the aromatic residue(s) is shown in parentheses. A few simple examples are given (149-151), with alternative names. 

Orf/io-fused and ortho- and pen-fused ring compounds containing hetero atoms are named according to the fusion principle described in Rule A-21 for hydrocarbons. The components are named according to Rules A-21, B-l and B-2. When the name of a component in a fusion name contains locants (numerals or letters) that do not apply also to the numbering of the fused system, these locants are placed in square brackets (as are also the locants for fusion positions required by Rule A-21.5). The base component should be a heterocyclic system. If there is a choice, the base component should be, by order of preference ... 

In a compound name for a fusion prefix when more than one pair of square brackets is required), the points of fusion in the compound prefix are indicated by the use of unprimed and primed numbers, the unprimed numbers being assigned to the ring attached directly to the base component, thus ... 

Following the standard system of nomenclature, the names of porphyrinoids consist of three parts (i) a number in the square bracket corresponds to the number of jt-electrons in the shortest conjugation pathway (ii) a core name representing the number of pyrroles or other heterocycles in the overall system and (iii) numbers in round brackets specify the number of bridging C-atoms between each pyrrole subunit, starting with the largest. 

The first number in the crown name designates the number of atoms in the ring (usually given in square brackets). 

---