Spray apparatus

Thermal or Flame Spray Process. The earliest experiments in metal spray used molten metal fed to a spray apparatus, where it was dispersed by a high speed air jet into tiny droplets and simultaneously blown onto the surface of the part to be covered. The metal solidified on contact. Modem processes use a more convenient source than premelted metal. Spray heads using a flame or an electrical arc to melt metal wires or powders directly are much more convenient. These are the only types used on a large scale in the United States. 

The distribution of the reagent is no longer influenced by the manual dexterity of the operator, the performance of the spray apparatus, the viscosity of the reagent or the drop size of the spray mist. 

Kampfstofl, m. war material, esp. a chemical warfare agent, -beschuss, m. chemical-shell fire, -bombe, /. chemical bomb, gas bomb, -gehalt, m. (Mil.) gas concentration, -schwaden, m. (Mil.) chemical fumes, gas fumes, -sperre, /. (Mil.) chemical obstacle, -verwendung, /. (Mil.) use of chemical warfare agents, -zerstauber, m. (Mil.) chemical spray apparatus. 

Zerstaubuogs-apparat, m. spray apparatus, atomizer. -mittel, n. atomizing agent, -trockner, m. atomizing (or spraying) drier. 

Tests with Airplane Sprays. In airplane spraying the selection of the proper particle size is difficult. Weather conditions, the type of plane and spray apparatus,... 

Until now, oil-phospholipid mixtures, raw seed oils, aromatic vegetable oils, essential oils aqueous solutions and aqueous dispersions have been sprayed and extracted with supercritical C02 in the high pressure spraying apparatus (Figurel). For instance aqueous roasted coffee extract was sprayed with CO2 in order to rise concentration for posterior production of instant powder. Due to low process pressures (under 20 MPa) and increased... 

In this method, a known amount of the insecticide dissolved in a volatile solvent such as acetone is added to a glass jar and then rotated, allowing the insecticide to coat the entire surface while the solvent evaporates. The dose is varied by the amount of solution added to the jar. Another method for testing deposits of insecticide is to apply a spray (solution or suspension) to a Petri dish using a precision sprayer such as the Potter precision laboratory spray tower (Figures 5.1 and 5.2). This device delivers a known volume of spray in a fine mist, which settles on the surface to be treated. In tests with aphids or spider mites, a leaf substrate contained in a Petri dish can be sprayed by the spraying apparatus. 

Potter, C. (J952). An improved laboratory spraying apparatus for applying direct sprays and surface hi ms with data oil the electrostatic charge on atomised sprav fluids. Attn. Appt. Riot. 39, -7. 

Dr. DeJonge will be screening different gannent materials for Dr. Nigg s field studies in a contained spray apparatus to simulate seme nozzle types and spray pressures used in the field. 

An end effector might also be a tool such as a welding gun. Welding is one of the most common uses of robots in industry. The automotive industry makes extensive use of robots in welding operations. Another very common use of robots is painting automobiles. In this case, the end effector is the paint-spraying apparatus. 

May, K.R. (1949). An improved spinning top homogeneous spray apparatus. Journal of Applied Physics, 20, 932-939. 

The higher investment costs for arc spraying apparatus are rapidly assimilated because of the higher performance, lower operator costs, and lower energy costs associated with this equipment. 

Electrostatic spraying requires control of the conductivity of the coating. The conductivity of hydrocarbon solvents is too low to permit pickup of adequate electrostatic charge. Alcohols, nitroparaffins, and amines are common solvents or additives to increase conductivity. The conductivity of waterborne coatings poses problems, such as the need to insulate the spray apparatus and relatively fast loss of charge from spray droplets. 

Suspensions of fine-grain adsorbents can be evenly spread on carriers using commercial sprayers. The uniformity of the layer depends however on the skill of the operator when the spraying apparatus is hand operated-more so than in the other procedures. Sutter s proposed TLC with the spraying procedure [303] utilises a spray pistol in which the suspension is prepared in a container using an air current a spray chamber, like a fume cupboard, containing a grating and a spirit level and a compressor to develop the necessary pressure of 1 — 1.5 atmosphere (Firm 73). 

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