Splash pattern

Figure 3.30. Schematic showing the impact phenomena of multiple droplets on a substrate surface spreading pattern at low impact velocities (fop) and splashing mechanism at high impact velocities (bottom).

Figure 7.8 Schematic representation of a typical wall-jet electrode used for electroanalytical measurements (a) contact to Pt disc electrode (the shaded portion at the centre of the figure) (b) contact to ring electrode (c) AgCl Ag reference electrode (d) Pt tube counter electrode (e) cell inlet (f) cell body (made of an insulator such as Teflon), (b) A typical pattern of solution flow over the face of a wall-jet electrode, showing why splash back does not occur. Part (a) reproduced from Brett, C. M. A. and Brett, A. M. O., Electroanalysis, 1998, 1998, by permission of Oxford University Press.

The well-jet electrode can have many different configurations, but it is usually flat and circular. Figure 7.8(b) shows the pattern of solution flow during operation, from which it is easy to see why back splashes are carried away by the flow before they can reach the working electrode. 

The gravity distribution basin located at the top of a crossflow tower is left open to the atmosphere. Water gravitates through orifices to the tower packing below, thus providing a splash-type pattern. 

For a tank with reagent added at the top of the tank and removed near the bottom at the opposite side k =. 9, and k = 1.8 for a tank with the reverse flow pattern. V, is the tank volume in cubic meters and Fagit is the agitator pumping rate in cubic meters per hour. It is observed that it is difficult to reduce td below about 9 seconds without causing excessive splashing and air entrainment. 

Armbruster and Mitrovic [62] observed that liquid falls from tube to tube in three patterns discrete droplets, jets or columns, and sheets, depending on the flow rate (i.e., film Reynolds number) and fluid properties. In addition, depending on the tube arrangement and spacing, the condensate may cause ripples, waves, and turbulence to occur in the film splashing may occur, as well as nonuniform rivulet runoff of condensate because of tube inclination or local vapor velocity effects. As a result, it is impossible to arrive at an analytical expression to describe these complex bundle phenomena. In general, the effect of inundation may be accounted for using... 

MSA s new M71-HUD Receiver for FireHawk M7 Air Masks is worn on the inside of the facepece, with 40 percent weight reduction compared to MSA s edemal HUD. New LED light patterns aihance safety and security, unit syncs with SCBA upon startup and withstands brief water splash and submersion. Easy to install and remove. MSA, www.msanorthamericajcom, (800) MSA-2222. C5de 252... 

---