Sphingolipids chemistry

There are a number of reviews on sphingolipids. Biological and medical aspects of sphingolipid chemistry were reviewed by Kolter and Sandhoff.31 Bio-organic chemistry of ceramide was reviewed by Kolter and coworkers.32 Chemical aspects of sphingolipid research were also reviewed.33,34... 

Sphingolipid chemistry and biosynthesis has been reviewed by Carter et al, (1965), Wiegandt (1971), Stoffel (1971) and Kanfer and Hakomori (1983). 

Sphingolipids were first described in a remarkable treatise on the chemical constitution of the brain by Johann L. W. Thudichum, a physician-scientist in London, who published his findings more than 100 years ago. A major impetus for the study of the chemistry and metabolism of the sphingolipids was the discovery of several rare human diseases that could be attributed to the abnormal accumulation of sphingolipids. This accumulation has been shown to result from a defect in catabolism that normally occurs in lysosomes. It is now known that many different kinds of sphingolipids exist, and more than 300 structures have been reported to occur in nature. 

This is an advanced chapter (11) on the chemistry, metabolism, and function of the sphingolipids. 

An important question in bioorganic chemistry is that of the appropriate assay system [1], We investigated the effects of the designed compounds on sphingolipid... 

Sphingolipids from Chemistry to Possible Biologic Influence on the Skin... 

Hakomori, S.-i. (1983) Chemistry of Glycosphingolipids in Sphingolipid Biochemistry, J. N. Kanfer and S.-i. Hakomori, editors, Plenum Press, New York, p. 35. 

Kolter T (2004) Conformational restriction of sphingolipids. In Schmuck C, Wennemers H (eds) Highlights in bioorganic chemistry methods and applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, p 48... 

Teles JH, Breuer K, Enders D, Gielen H (1999) One pot synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted l-alkyl-4H-l,2,4-triazol-l-ium salts. Synth Commun 29 1-9 Thorpe SR, Sweeley C (1967) Chemistry and metabolism of sphingolipids. On the biosynthesis of phytosphingosine by yeast. Biochemistry 6 887... 

Hallstrdm, T.C., Lambert, L., Schorling, S., Balzi, E., Goffeau, A., and Moye-Rowley W.S. (2001) Coordinate control of sphingolipid biosynthesis and multidrug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Journal of Biolt al Chemistry, 276, 23674-23680. 

I have already shown several syntheses of sphingolipids as microbial metabolites or marine natural products. Sphingolipids are building blocks of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Their function is to anchor lipid-bound carbohydrates to cell surfaces, and to construct the epidermal water permeability barrier. The chemistry of sphingolipids is therefore closely related to dermatology or the science of skin. This section first treats sphingolipid in human epidermis. 

Nussbaumer, P., Medicinal chemistry aspects of drug targets in sphingolipid metabolism, Chem Med Chem, 3 (2008) 543-551. 

Hakomori, S. Chemistry of Glycosphingolipids. In Kanfer JN, Hakomori S, editors. Sphingolipid Biochemistry. New York and London Plenum Press (1983) 1-165. 

Alvarez-Vasquez, R, Sims, K.J., Cowart, L.A., Okamoto, Y., Voit, E.O., Hannun, Y.A. 2005. Simulation and validation of modelled sphingolipid metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 433 425-430. Hakomori, S. 1983. Chemistry of glycosphingolipids. In Sphingolipid Biochemistry. J.N. Kanfer, S. Hakomori, editors. New York, NY Plenum, pp. 1-164. 

Karlsson, K.-A. 1970. On the chemistry and occurrence of sphingolipid long-chain bases. Lipids 5 6-43. Goni, F.M., Alonso, A. 2006. Biophysics of sphingolipids. I. Membrane properties of sphingosine, ceramides and other simple sphingolipids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1758 1902-1921. 

The chemistry of sphingolipids is rather well documented,1 so the recent developments in the synthesis of phytosphingolipids will be presented in this review. 

Schmidt, R. Kiager, Angew. Chem. InL Ed 21, 2l0 (1982). Comprehensive review C. A. Grob, Record Chem. Progr. (Kresge-Hooker ScL Lib.) 18, 55-66 (1957) D. Shapiro, Chemistry of Sphingolipids (Hermann, Paris, 1969) 111 pp. Bibliography Rodd s Chemistry of Carbon Compounds. VoJ. 

Karlsson, K.A., On the chemistry and occurrence of sphingolipid long-chain bases, Chem. Phys. Lipids, 5, 6-43, 1970. 

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