Spectroscopy, applications INDEX

Deconvolution with applications in spectroscopy. Includes index. 

The Chapter 9 shortly describes laser-based spectroscopies applications in gemology, micro-element mapping, waste storage, bio-minerals and LED. It contains Conclusions, Bibliography and Subject Index. 

Over the last three decades, in particular gas chromatographs, electrochemical detectors and gas analysers have found their way to the process environment. Most recently, various analytical techniques that were formerly only used in the laboratory have become suitable for implementation in manufacturing. Examples are UVA IS absorption spectroscopy, near-IR spectroscopy, refractive index measurements and more recently mid-lR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, pulse NMR and mass spectrometry. In particular, the number of spectroscopic applications has increased, sometimes replacing more established measurement methods (like GC or gas analysers). In addition, other traditional laboratory/off-line methods are now moving towards in-process applications e.g. rheometry and XRF). 

Application of EPR Spectroscopy to the Structural and Functional Study of Iron-Sulfur Proteins Bruno Guigliarelli and Patrick Bertrand INDEX... 

The studies of Tallin and Buehler indicate that microparticle spectroscopic techniques can be used to follow gas/microparticle chemical reactions. The use of morphological resonances to determine the refractive index of a reacting droplet has limited applicability because there must be a unique relationship between composition and refractive index to allow the method to be used to follow chemical reactions. Raman spectroscopy has broader applications, but one must deal with morphological resonances if droplets are... 

Other detection modes employed in capillary electromigration techniques include chemiluminescence [69-71], Raman spectroscopy [72,73], refractive index [74,75], photothermal absorbance [76,77], and radioisotope detection [78]. Some of these detection modes have found limited use due to their high specificity, which restricts the area of application and the analytes that can be detected, such as radioisotope and Raman-based detection that are specific for radionuclides and polarizable molecules, respectively. On the other hand, the limited use of more universal detection modes, such as refractive index, is either due to the complexity of coupling them to capillary electromigration techniques or to the possibility of detecting the analytes of interest with comparable sensitivity by one of the less problematic detection modes described above. 

Other techniques previously described for general investigation of tautomeric equilibria (76AHC(S1)1> involve heats of combustion, relaxation times, polarography, refractive index, molar refractivity, optical rotation, X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, neutron diffraction, Raman, fluorescence, phosphorescence and photoelectron spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The application of several of these techniques to tautomeric studies has been discussed in previous sections. Other results from the more important of these will be referred to later in this section. 

The immune biosensor analysis was carried out in the SPR-4 M device produced by the Institute of Physics of Semiconductors of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences. SPR spectroscopy was carried out in the Kretschmann configuration using He-Ne laser ( i=632.8 nm), goniometer (G-5 M), glass prism (the angle at the basis 68°) and photodiode (FD 263). The optical contact between the prism and the metallic layer was achieved by the application of polyphenyl ether (refractive index n= 1.62). 

In 1964 Hansen (16) reported, for the first time, on an application of this technique in the visible region, i.e. the determination of the refractive index n and the absorbance k of Eosin B solutions. A further attempt of applying TIR spectroscopy in the UV-VIS region was published by Hirschfeld in 1966 (17). 

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