Specific volume Table

When the surface density of the solid is essentially that of the amorphous solid or supercooled liquid, Equation 1 becomes the familiar Fowkes-Young expression (18). Based on the generally accepted value of psa for polyethylene, psac values are computed. From these values, the specific volumes are obtained. The percent crystallinity in the surface region is computed from the specific volume. Table II lists the values of psac and the percent crystallinity of these films. 

The specific coupling of the glucose monomers gives a rigid conical molecular structure with a hollow interior of a specific volume (Table 1). 

Available data on the thermodynamic and transport properties of carbon dioxide have been reviewed and tables compiled giving specific volume, enthalpy, and entropy values for carbon dioxide at temperatures from 255 K to 1088 K and at pressures from atmospheric to 27,600 kPa (4,000 psia). Diagrams of compressibiHty factor, specific heat at constant pressure, specific heat at constant volume, specific heat ratio, velocity of sound in carbon dioxide, viscosity, and thermal conductivity have also been prepared (5). 

From Water Density at Atmospheric Pressure and Temperatures from 0 to 100°C, Tables of Standard Handbook Data, Standartov, Moscow, 1978. To conserve space, only a few tables of density values are given. The reader is reminded that density values may he found as the reciprocal of the specific volume values tabulated in the Thermodynamic Properties Tables subsection. 

For sources, units, and remarks, see Table 2-228. v = specific volume, mVkg h = specific enthalpy, kj/kg s = specific entropy, kJ/(kg-K) c = specific beat at constant pressure, kJ/(kg-K) i = viscosity, 10 Pa-s and k = tberni conductivity, VW(m-K). For specific beat ratio, see Table 2-200 for Prandtl number, see Table 2-369. 

Converted and rounded off from the tables of Goodwin, NBS Tech. Note 654, 1974. v = specific volume, mVkg h = specific enthalpy, kj/kg s = specific entropy, kJ/(kg-K). 

Read the specific volume of steam at conditions, from steam tables. 

Table 4-155 gives the API recommended optimum water-to-cement ratios and the resulting neat slurry specific weight (Ib/gal) and specific volume, or yield (ftVsack) for the various classes of API cements [161]. 

Air at this condition, from psychrometric tables, has a specific volume of 0.8419, so 1 m will weigh 1/0.8419 or 1.188 kg, giving ... 

The PETN Detonation Pressure, P (also called the CJ Pressure), is shown as a function of packing density in Table 7 and in Fig 4. Note that the measured P values in Fig 4 lie quite close to the theoretical curve developed by Lee Homig (Ref 72), which is based on a Wilkin s type equation of state (see Vol 4, D294-L) with a Grueneisen ratio, r, for the detonation products, that is solely a function of specific volume. Shea et al obtained an effective T = 8.077 p-12.288 (Ref 74)... 

In Table 6.7, C is the Martinelli-Chisholm constant, / is the friction factor, /f is the friction factor based on local liquid flow rate, / is the friction factor based on total flow rate as a liquid, G is the mass velocity in the micro-channel, L is the length of micro-channel, P is the pressure, AP is the pressure drop, Ptp,a is the acceleration component of two-phase pressure drop, APtp f is the frictional component of two-phase pressure drop, v is the specific volume, JCe is the thermodynamic equilibrium quality, Xvt is the Martinelli parameter based on laminar liquid-turbulent vapor flow, Xvv is the Martinelli parameter based on laminar liquid-laminar vapor flow, a is the void fraction, ji is the viscosity, p is the density, is the two-phase frictional... 

In this table the parameters are defined as follows Bo is the boiling number, d i is the hydraulic diameter, / is the friction factor, h is the local heat transfer coefficient, k is the thermal conductivity, Nu is the Nusselt number, Pr is the Prandtl number, q is the heat flux, v is the specific volume, X is the Martinelli parameter, Xvt is the Martinelli parameter for laminar liquid-turbulent vapor flow, Xw is the Martinelli parameter for laminar liquid-laminar vapor flow, Xq is thermodynamic equilibrium quality, z is the streamwise coordinate, fi is the viscosity, p is the density, <7 is the surface tension the subscripts are L for saturated fluid, LG for property difference between saturated vapor and saturated liquid, G for saturated vapor, sp for singlephase, and tp for two-phase. 

Table 3 Refractive index increment and partial specific volume of hyaluronan (M 10 g/mol) determined at different salt concentrations (from [28])...

The hydrodynamic properties of Ustilago cytochrome c were investigated by Thelander (86). He found the partial specific volume to be 0.721 ml/g and the molecular weight, by sedimentation equilibrium, to be 15,500. The latter value, although higher than that given by summation of the constituent amino acid residues (i.e., 11,877, see Table 3), indicates that the protein is monomeric. 

Young, S. (1989) XLVIII. On the vapour-pressures and specific volumes of similar compounds of elements in relation to the position of those elements in the periodic Table. Part I. J. Chem. Soc. 55, 486-521. 

The expansion coefficient fi for water at 32°F should be used. This is estimated using liquid volumetric data from the steam tables over a short range of temperatures around 32°F. However, the steam tables do not provide liquid water specific volume data below 32°F. A value between 32°F and some appropriate higher temperature will suffice. From the steam tables ... 

An ideal gas is a relatively low-density gas. The pressure p, temperature T, and specific volume v of an ideal gas are related by an equation of state, pv = RT, where i is a constant for a particular gas and is called the gas constant. Air, helium, and carbon dioxide are ideal gases. The properties of an ideal gas can be found in tables such as air tables. 

The diameter d of a polymer chain can be estimated from (1) hydrodynamic quantities such as intrinsic viscosity and sedimentation coefficient, (2) the partial specific volume vgp of the polymer, and (3) X-ray crystallographic data of the polymer. Table 2 lists the values of d for liquid-crystalline polymers estimated by different methods. Those determined from hydrodynamic data are close to but slightly larger than those from vsp and crystallographic data, though this may not always be the case. 

---