Specific driving force

The presence of two double bonds greatly increase the number of the interconnected effects determining the configuration of an added monomeric unit. In this case the stereochemistry may already be established during the transition complex formation between the monomer and the centre or after the insertion of the diene into the metal—carbon bond. The realization of either of these possibilities is determined by the specific driving force of addition, composed of the electronic, steric, and isomeric states of the diene. 

The term membrane technology has encompassed, in recent decades, various mass transfer operations using a thin layer at an interphase. They differ from classical operations of chemical engineering because they were built around materials with original properties acting under the effect of specific driving forces. Today the ideas have evolved, and a more total analysis, integrating in a far better way the process... 

The constant P is often referred to as the specific driving force of the flow [5]. Putting (5.347) into (5.346) shows that... 

Before pursuing the diffusion process any further, let us examine the diffusion coefficient itself in greater detail. Specifically, we seek a relationship between D and the friction factor of the solute. In general, an increment of energy is associated with a force and an increment of distance. In the present context the driving force behind diffusion (subscript diff) is associated with an increment in the chemical potential of the solute and an increment in distance dx ... 

This system utilizes specific membranes, between which the dmg reservoir is enclosed (Fig. 4). A tiny ehiptical disk, inserted into the cul-de-sac of the eye, releases pilocarpiae steadily. The dmg is deUvered through selected polymeric membranes. The dmg reservoir maintains a saturated solution between the membranes which acts osmoticaHy as the driving force for the dmg to diffuse through the rate-limiting membranes. 

Slurry characteristics determine whether a clarifying or a cake filter is appropriate and if the latter, they determine the rate of formation anci nature of the cake. They affect the choice of driving force and cycle as well as specific design of machine. 

Tneory of Centrifugal Filtration Theoretical prechc tions of the behavior of sohd-hquid mixtures in a filtering centrifuge are more (difficult compared to pressure and gravity filtration. The area of flow and driving force are both proportional to the radius, and the specific... 

---