Spasticity phenol

Other phenol-containing products are used as chemical peels to remove skin lesions, and in the treatment of chronic pain or spasticity. These uses have occasionally been associated with adverse outcomes, like cardiac arrhythmias, that have been seen in both adults and children. 

Chemoneurectomy with aqueous phenol injection in 116 selected patients with spastic cerebral palsy, in whom 246 peripheral nerves were blocked, caused complications in 11 patients (28). Five patients, in whom the posterior tibial nerve was blocked, developed paresthesia one had complete loss of sensation, which recovered spontaneously after a couple of days and three had pain at the site of injection or in the distribution of the injected nerve, lasting for a few days to a month. In another study there was a 3% complication rate in 98 blocks (29), while adverse effects occurred in nine of 150 blocks, with muscle weakness in eight cases and painful paresthesia in one (30). 

Petrillo CR, Knoploch S. Phenol block of the tibial nerve for spasticity a long-term follow-up study. Int Disabil Stud 1988 10(3) 97-100. 

Khalili AA, Betts HB. Peripheral nerve block with phenol in the management of spasticity. Indications and complications. JAMA 1967 200(13) 1155-7. 

Khalili AA, Benton JG. A physiologic approach to the evaluation and the management of spasticity with procaine and phenol nerve block including a review of the physiology of the stretch reflex. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1966 47 97-104. 

Yadav SL, Singh U, Dureja GP, Singh KK, Chaturvedi S. Phenol block in the management of spastic cerebral paky. Indian J Pediatr 1994 61(3) 249-55. 

Copp EP, Keenan J. Phenol nerve and motor point block in spasticity. Rheumatol Phys Med 1972 ll(6) 287-92. 

Helweg-Larsen J, Jacobsen E. Treatment of spasticity in cerebral palsy by means of phenol nerve block of peripheral nerves. Dan Med Bull 1969 16(l) 20-5. 

Garland DE, Tilling M, Keenan MA. Percutaneous phenol blocks to motor points of spastic forearm muscles in head-injured adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1984 65(5) 243-5. 

The gasiroinie.slinal (Gl) aniispasmodic properties of bisaboloi and its oxides are well known. In fact, bisaboloi is said to be as potent as papaverine in tests of muscle spasticity. Besides bisaboloi. the flavone and coumarin components have -antispasmodic activities. The blue compound chamazulene posse.sses both anti-inflammatory and antiallcigenic ac-tivitic.s. as do the water-soluble components (the flavonoids). Apigenin and lutcolin possess anti-inflammatory potencies similar to that of indtimethacin. These flavonoids possess acidic phenolic groups, a. spacer, and an aromatic moiety that could fit into the COX receptor. None of the.se effects has been unequivocally documented in humans. The essential oil posse.s.ses low water. solubility, but teas used over a long period of time provide a cumulative medicinal effect. Typically. I teaspoon (3 g) of flower head is boiled in hot water for IS minutes. 4 times a day. 

Publications indicate 5% phenol injections to treat spasticity in pediatrics. The use of chemical neuroablative techniques dropped off rapidly with the arrival of more specific treatments. Injecting neurolytic solutions (e.g. phenoP or alcohol solutions) causes non-specific damage to all the structures that come into contact with these products, namely both motor nerves and sensory nerves, muscles, aponeuroses, and subcutaneous tissue. The effects of chemical neurolysis last several months, and subsequent injections often do not produce the same results. It is now... 

In a retrospective study of single and multilevel injections of phenol, botulinum toxin, or both in children with chronic muscle spasticity, the local adverse effects were comparable with other previously reported studies. However, in contrast to previous studies, rare cases of dysesthesia (0.4%) were reported with phenol injections [72 j. 

Nervous system In a study of the use of phenol as nerve block medication in cancer patients who suffer from spasticity and dystonia, dysaesthesia was reported as adverse effect in 2 out of 15 cases [84< ]. 

In a retrospective study, Fu and colleagues analysed the utilisation and effectiveness of injectable spasticity medications used by the physiatry team at a referral-based tertiary cancer centre. The analysis of patient and injection characteristics was obtained from patients who had received botulinum toxin or phenol nerve block injection during the 5-year period. Out of the 3724 physiatry consultations, 20 (less than 1%) different cancer patients received a total of 54 total procedures. The results showed that the majority of patients (17/20, 85%) had a positive response to... 

---