Biological activities spasmolytic

Papaverine (107) is among the host of minor alkaloids that have been isolated from opium. The compound is distinct in its biologic activity from many of the other opium constituents in that it does not exhibit any analgesic activity. Instead, papaverine acts as a nonspecific spasmolytic agent. As such, it has found... 

A number of 4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids of the general formula (XVI) and their esters, amides and nitriles are claimed to possess cardiovascular, hypotensive, and spasmolytic properties [214]. Other biological activities and medicinal uses of 5-halo-substituted orotic acids, as well as those of uracil-6-sulphonic acid and related compounds, have been discussed in Part I of this review [215]. 

Table IX contains the structures of some of the carbinols (94) that have been prepared by reaction of 2-thienylorganometallic compounds with esters in almost every case dehydration of the carbinol was also reported. Many of the compounds listed here and the alkenes derived from them are anti-histaminic, anticholinergic, or spasmolytic. However, not all the papers and patents referred to give details of biological evaluation, so no survey of biological activity is attempted.

This survey has also demonstrated that compounds isolated from a number of plants of this family possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as cytotoxic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, anthelmintic, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-oxidative, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and hypothermic, hypolipimenic, hypotensive and spasmolytic activities. Insecticidal, molluscicidal, nematocidal and larvicidal activities are also... 

The Franke model is a definite improvement as compared to the parabolic model. In many practical cases it gives a much better fit, e.g. eqs. 85 and 86 for the spasmolytic activities of mandelic acid esters (Table 14 RA = relative biological activity values, based on cyclandelate (15), RA = 100%) [345]. 

The polycycles, synthesized with the use of phosphonates and discussed below, represent a group of structurally diverse compounds that exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activity. They are antibacterial or spasmolytic agents, pheromones and ingredients of fragrance oils. In this Section syntheses of... 

Both the beverage, kava or yangona, and the dried root of Piper methysticum are used as sources of a series of py-rones with biological activity. Kavalactones in this plant are diuretic, soporific, anticonvulsant, spasmolytic, local anesthetic, and antimycotic (Lebot, 1991). The dried root contains about 5-6% resin from which six related pyrones [yan-gonin (4), desmethoxyyangonin, kawain (5), dihydrokawain, methysticin (6), and dihydromethylsticin] have been isolated. All are more or less potent, centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants that also possess antipyretic and local anesthetic properties (Tyler et al., 1981). 

A related diphenoxy compound, medifoxamine (72), was announced as being an imipramine-like antidepressant with no anticholinergic action [202]. It Inhibited synaptosomal NA-uptake [203]. Attempts were made to correlate its dipole moment, UV spectra and pharmacological activities with possible conformations. Based on these data, there was support for the hypothesis that the various conformations of (72) corresponded to various biological activities, in particular a sympathomimetic, a spasmolytic, an antihistaminic, and an anti-serotoninergic activity [204]. 

Chromene frameworks are commonly found in natural products [69]. Due to their useful biological activities and pharmacological properties [70], such as pro-apop-totic activity against cancer cells, anticoagulant, and spasmolytic, the synthesis of chromene derivatives, especially 2-amino-4/f-chromene, has attracted much attention. 

The evaluation of natural antioxidants is highly problematic, since many of them have different biological activities. Some flavonoids, for example, exhibit spasmolytic, anti-inflammatory and... 

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY Spasmolytic [8432] antitumor action [8439] anthelmintic against tapeworm [8441],... 

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