Soviet Union first space satellite

Both the United States and the former Soviet Union have sent nuclear reactors into space to power satellites. However, another giant nuclear reactor was there first—the sun, our local star. In the giant nuclear furnace of a star, nuclei react with one another and release enormous amounts of energy. You count on this energy to warm your air and water and to power your home, calculators, and other devices that run on solar power. Without this energy, life on Earth as you know it would not be possible. Is it possible to copy the reaction that takes place in stars and make a powerful generator that will provide electricity ... 

Although the Soviet Union/Russia launched the first satellite into space in 1957 and has made more than 2800 launches since that time, liquid hydrogen was very rarely used except for the Energia launch vehicle developed for their Buran Space Shuttle. After the only successful launch of an unmaimed Buran orbiter in 1988 using the Energia rocket, this program was canceled due to lack of funds. 

Sputnik 1, launched on October 4, 1957, by the Soviet Union, was the first artificial satellite. It used radio transmission to collect data regarding the distribution of radio signals within the ionosphere in order to measure density in the atmosphere. In addition to space satellites, the most common artificial satellites are the satellites used for communication, weather, navigation, and research. These artificial satellites travel around the Earth because of human action, and they depend on computer systems to function. A rocket is used to launch these artificial satellites so that they will have enough speed to be accelerated into the most common types of circular orbits, which require speeds of about 27,000 kilometers per hour. Some satellites, especially those that are to be used at locations far removed from the Earth s equator, require elliptical-shaped orbits instead, and their acceleration speeds are 30,000 kilometers per hour. If a launching rocket applies too much energy... 

With the use of rockets, space exploitation became possible, leading to a flurry of interplanetary space missions by robotic spacecraft in the 1960 s and 1970 s, followed by much larger and more capable robotic spacecraft. In the 1960 s, the first communication and weather satellites paved the way for the communication, navigation, and Earth-monitoring satellites that have become mainstays of modern society. Manned exploration of space began with simple capsules on top of converted missiles, evolved to more sophisticated craft that carried Apollo astronauts to the Moon, and then to reusable spacecraft such as the space shuttle. Manned space stations evolved from simple single-mission systems launched by the Soviet Union in the 1970 s to the International Space Station, constructed during the first decade of the twenty-first century. Even telescopes took to space, with a number of astronomical satellites. 

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