South Sudan

Nonetheless, the confirmed use of chemical weapons in Syria last year had made clear that our success can only be as broad as our reach. That is why one of our most immediate priorities is to persuade the six countries— Angola, Egypt, Israel, Myanmar, North Korea and South Sudan— that still remain outside the Convention to join it, without delay and without conditions. There should be no doubt in anyone s mind that, despite its not yet being universally adhered to, the Convention is a long-standing global norm which the international community has shown itself only too willing to enforce. 

See Sudan and South Sudan in fierce border clashes , BBC News (27 Meuch 2012), http //www.bbc.co.uk/news/wodd-africa-17515209 (accessed 3 July 2015). 

See Human Rights Watch, South Sudan Investigate New Cluster Bomb Use, (14 February 2014) http //www.hrw.org/news/2014/02/14/south-sudan-investigate-new-cluster-bomb-use (accessed 2 July 2015). 

See UN chief calls for tribunal on South Sudan crimes, Al Jazeera (13 May 2014) htt p //www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2014/05/un-chief-calls-tribunal-s-sudan-crimes-20145134362250668.html (accessed 6 July 2015). 

See Michelle Nichols, Genocide risk in South Sudan amid personal power struggle, Reuters (2 May 2014) http //www.reuters.eom/article/2014/05/02/us-southsudan-untest-un-genocide-idUSBREA410XW20140502 (accessed 3 July 2015). 

For instance, the wish to exploit the resources of South Sudan significantly contributed to the conclusion of the Machakos Protocol of 20 July 2002 and subsequent instruments. All texts available in lull at http //www.intstudies.cam.ac.uk/centre/ cps/documents sudan.html, accessed 3 November 2008. 

That the people of South Sudan have the right to self-determination, inter alia, through a referendum to determine their future status. 

Article 1(10) concludes that the design and implementation of the peace agreement are to be performed so as to make the unity of the Sudan an attractive option especially to the people of South Sudan . The agreement then provides for a transition process to apply during an interim period lasting for six years. At the end of that periodti ... 

There shall be an internationally monitored referendum, organized jointly by the GOS and the SPLM/A, for the people of South Sudan to confirm the unity of the Sudan by voting to adopt the system of government established under the Peace Agreement or to vote for secession. 

International Court of Justice, as well as on case studies East Timor, Kosovo, Chechnya, Georgia, and South Sudan. 

Part II will explore issues of self-determination within the context of several case studies. Thus, Chapter 6 will discuss self-determination issues in East Timor Chapter 7 will do so in the context of Kosovo Chapter 8 will focus on Chechnya Chapter 9 will highlight self-determination issues in Georgia and Chapter 10 will discuss the latest case of self-determination on the planet, that of South Sudan. 

Until the 2011 independence referendum. South Sudan had been a part of the larger state of Sudan. The Sudanese borders were drawn in 1884, in the wake of the Berlin Conference, at which European powers divided the African continent among themselves. Sudan thus became apart of the British colonial empire. Sudan s borders, like those of many other African states, were drawn randomly, by European leaders who cared little about the ethnicity, culture, religion, or language of the inhabitants of such newly created states. As a consequence, in Sudan, the newly created borders encompassed predominantly Arab descendants of colonizers in the North, and different ethnic groups of black Africans in the South. The British colonial rule emphasized the... 

The legal case for self-determination in South Sudan... 

Many commentators have labeled the South Sudanese separation from Sudan as a case of self-determination, possibly in light of the fact that South Sudanese independence resulted from popular referendum—the most commonly prescribed method of self-determination. This section will analyze the legality of the South Sudanese case for self-determination under relevant international law. While the right to external self-determination has effectively been exercised by the people of South Sudan, it is important to assess the legality thereof, as well as to draw legal conclusions for future secessionist movements. 

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