South Georgia

The Hawaiian sponge Hyrtios sp. from Oahu has furnished 21-chloropuupehe-nol (430), while the same sponge from Maui contains molokinenone (431) (619). The absolute configuration of these drimane-phenolic metabolites has been assigned as shown based on that of puupehenone (620). The South Georgia Island soft coral Alcyonium paessleri produces several novel illudalane sesquiterpenoids, including the chlorinated alcyopterosins A (432), D (433), K (434), and L (435) (621). 

An Antarctica collection of the sponge Psammopemma sp. has yielded the new 4-hydroxyindole alkaloids, psammopemmins A (1378), B (1379), and C (1380), which embody the unique 2-bromopyrimidine unit (1337). The related meridia-nins B (1381), C (1382), D (1383), E (1384), and F (1385) were found in the tunicate Aplidium meridianum collected at 100 m near the South Georgia Islands (1338,1339). These protein kinase inhibitors have been synthesized (1340). The sponge Discodermia polydiscus has afforded 6-hydroxydiscodermindole (1386) (1341). 

Clay mineral attapulgite is an acicular-shaped hydrous magnesium aluminum silicate. Large deposits occur in South Georgia and North Florida. It is receiving increasing use in partial replacement of furafil. 

Antarctic fur seal milk South Georgia Isl., Antarctica 1984-1985 <2-2.7 [4]... 

South Georgia Island, Antarctic Euphausia superha 16-50 (Eastern area) Atkinson and Whitehouse... 

Atkinson, A., and Whitehouse, M. J. (2000). Ammonium excretion by Antarctic kriUEnp/tijMSM superba at South Georgia. Limnol. Oceanogr. 45(1), 55—63. 

Owens, N. J. P., Priddle, J., Whitehouse, M. J. (1991). Variations inphytoplanktonic nitrogen assimilation around South Georgia in the Bransfield Strait (Southern Ocean). Mar. Chem. 35, 287—304. 

Babenshev, V., Emalianov, P., Jmukhadze, I. Ecology of Microtus arvalis in Javakheti Plateau (South Georgia). Especially dangerous infection in Caucasus. Edition 1. Stavropol Russia, 1970. pp. 47-51. 

The Okefenokee swamp of south Georgia, USA, is believed to be similar to planar mires existing in the Tertiary. It covers c. 1500 km2 and has peat deposits up to 5m deep, which are accumulating at c.0.5mmyr-1. Beneath the peats are Pleistocene sands and muds, which originally formed the bed of a shallow lagoon at a time when the Atlantic reached much further inland, but the swamp is now 30 m above sea level. There are two distinct environments forests (covering most of the swamp) and open-water marshes (called prairies). 

One advantage of the Porter method is that it is robust enough to allow us to explore questions related to behavioral sensitivity. For example, working with the sub-Antarctic species assemblage near Elephant Island (6I 05 S, 54 43 W) and South Georgia (54°17 S, 36°30 W), Nevitt has reported consistent species-related differences in... 

Ovstedal, D.O., Lewis Smith, R.l. (2001). Lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia. A Guide to their Identification and Ecology. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. 

The Endurance left South Georgia Island on December 5,1914, and headed south into the Weddell Sea where it was trapped by pack ice in early January of 1915. Shackleton was forced to winter-over in his ship as it slowly moved around the Weddell Sea until November 15,1915, when the ship was oiished by the ice and ultimately sank. Shackleton set up tents on the pack ice for his 28 men. In April of 1916 the camp had been transported by the moving ice to the northern edge of the pack ice and was located within sight of open water. Therefore, Shackleton put his three lifeboats into the water and headed for Elephant Island (61°10 S, 055n4 W). All three boats reached the island on April 14, 1916, where they set up the camp in Fig. 1.21 by inverting two of the lifeboats and by... 

Waluda CM, Staniland IJ. Entanglement of Antarctic fur seals at Bird Island, South Georgia. Mar Pollut Bull 2013 74 (l) 244-252. 

Varnhagen supposes this land to be South Georgia, in 54 S., discovered by Captain Cook in 1776. Navarrete suggested Tristan d Acunha. 

Vamhagen thinks this was South Georgia, so named by Cook in Jan. 1775, in 54 S. Navarrete suggests Tristan d Acunha. Vespucci says that 50° was the furthest limit he reached to the south, along the coast, in the Medici letter, but that he then sailed to within 17 30 of the S. Pole, or 73° 30 S. See p. 45. 

Huneck S, Sainsbury M, Rickard TMA, Smith RIL (1984) Ecological and chemical investigations of lichens from South Georgia and the maritime Antarctic. J Hattori Bot Lab 56 461-480... 

McMillian, W.W., Wilson, D.M., and Widstrora, N.W (1978). Insect damage, Aspergillus flavus earmold and aflatoxin contamination in South Georgia cornfields in 1977. J. Environ. Qual., 7, 564-566. 

McMillian, W.W., Wilson, D.M., and Widstrom, N.W. (1978). Insect damage, Aspergillus flavus ear mold, and aflatoxin contamination in South Georgia corn fields in 1977. J. Environ. Qual., 7, 564-566. Mertz, D., Edward, T., Lee, D., and Zuber, M. (1981). Absorption of aflatoxin by lettuce seedlings in soil adulturated with aflatoxin in B]. J. Agric. Food Chem., 29, 1168-1170. 

Brundage, W. Fitzhugh. Lynching in the New South Georgia and Virginia, 1880-1930. Urbana University of Illinois Press, 1993. 

Brown, D.J., Boyd, I.L., and Cripps, G.C. (1999) Patty acid signature analysis from the milk of Antarctic fur seals and Southern elephant seals from South Georgia implications for diet determination. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Sen, 187, 251-263. 

Meridianins A-G are brominated indole derivatives containing a 2-aminopyrimidine. They were found in Aplidium meridianum harvested by dredging at 100 m in South Georgia. These derivatives are only moderately cytotoxic but some of them are good inhibitors of protein kinases CDKl and CDK5, the most active being... 

An entirely new series of nitric esters of sesquiterpenes having the illudalane skeleton has been characterized in the Antarctic alcyonarian Alcyonium paessleri harvested in South Georgia at depths between 100 and 200 meters (Palermo et al, 2000). Alcyopterosins are thus the first... 

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