Solvation of Metal Ions

Repeated reference has been made to solvation of metal ions and - since the donicity represents a A/Z-value - it was surprising to note that in many instances the donicity of donor solvent molecules served as a useful guide for the interpretation of the behavior of metal solvates. The donicity does not take into account... 

In order to study the solvation of metal ion M+ by method (2), we measure the emf, E, of cell (XI), which contains a junction between solutions in R and S ... 

The solvation of metal ions in mixtures of solvating solvents, for example aqueous alcohols or aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide, provides examples of a special case of ternary complexes and, in preferential solvation, an indication of the relative affinities of the metal ion for water and for the organic cosolvent in question. The preferential hydration of Co2+ in aqueous methanol is shown by... 

As in the special case of hydration, solvation of metal ions has been related successfully to electrostatic interactions. From the SL model of Eqs. (5)-(8), but on the mole fraction scale and neglecting AGh.unsym, good agreement between calculated and experimental solvation standard Gibbs energies of solvation has been obtained [131]. Thus, the solvation effects can be related in a straightforward manner to cation size and to solvent dielectric constant. This result raises the possibility that the selectivity of ion-transfer processes between water and various solvents can be predicted, and the remainder of Sec. 111.A will be devoted to this objective. 

Solvation of metal ions as well as cation-jt complexes [47-51]. 

Explicit solvation of metal ions and cation-ic comnlfxes... 

Ozutsumi, K. Ohtaki, H. Structure of Mixed Solvents and Preferential Solvation of Metal Ions Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Solution Chemistry, Fukuoka, Japan, July 26-31, 1999. 

The three properties of water most significant in the solvation of metal ions and complexes are its high dipole moment (1.84 D), its dielectric constant (78.3 at 25.0 C), and its propensity toward hydrogen bonding. The high dielectric constant of H2O decreases the need for close association of cations with anions in aqueous solutions. As a result, free hydrated cations and anions diffuse independently through the solution, their movements... 

Sulpholane is a solvent of moderate donor properties with a donor number similar to that of acetonitrile, but its capacity for the solvation of metal ions seems to be different from that of acetonitrile. It forms an adduct with boron(III) fluoride, but no compound has been isolated with phosphorus(V) fluoride . It was found to react also with phenol with ZlH = —4.9 kcal mole i and in the resultant compound coordination through hydrogen bridges has been assumed . ... 

The physical meaning of this formula can be explained if the solvation of metal ions in highly concentrated electrolyte solutions (where concentration of metal ions is comparable to the reciprocal molar volume of the solvent) is considered instead of formation of complexes. 

Solvation of metal ion in electrolyte solutions strongly depends not only on the metal ion-solvent interactions but also on the solvent-solvent interactions and/or liquid structure in the bulk [37-40]. When a metal ion is introduced into a solvent, (1) the metal ion destroys the solvent structure to create isolated solvent molecules... 

Fujii K, Kumai T, Takamuku T, Umebayashi Y, Ishiguro S (2006) Liquid structure and prefer-entieil solvation of metal ions in solvent mixtures of N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylformamide. J Phys Chem A 110 1798-1804... 

CROWN ETHERS, lONOPHORES, AND THE SOLVATION OF METAL IONS... 

These cations are both secondary acids, and their reactions would involve displacement, not neutralization (Chapter 8). It is customary to disregard solvation of metallic ions such as the acidic silver ion in equation 2. Yet there is no doubt that the silver ion and other acidic ions in water solution are solvated as is the proton. Apparently we may speak either of neutralization or of displacement, depending upon our point of view. This question will be discussed further in Chapter 8. 

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