Solutions factors affecting solubility

SATURATED SOLUTIONS FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY (sections 13.2 and 13.3)... 

The common ion effect (Chapter 3) is a further important factor affecting solubilities. Addition of A or B to the above system (equation (5.28)) will shift the equilibrium to the left and reduce the solubility of AB. In practice, this situation would arise when an excess of a precipitating reagent has been added to an analyte solution. Such an excess leads to the possibility of complexation reactions occurring which will tend to increase the solubility of AB. For example, when aluminium or zinc is precipitated by hydroxyl ions, the following reactions with excess reagent can occur... 

What factors affect solubility The cardinal rule of solubility is like dissolves like. We find that we must use a polar solvent to dissolve a polar or Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes ionic solute and a nonpolar solvent to dissolve a nonpolar solute. Now we... 

Types of solutions and factors affecting solubility Methods of expressing concentration (The use of normalities is not tested.)... 

A number of processes affect the solubility characteristic of metal-hu-mate and metal-fulvate complexes in soils, as well as in natural waters. A major factor is the extent to which the complex is saturated with metal ions. Other factors affecting solubility include pH, adsorption of the complex to mineral matter (e.g., clay), and biodegradation. Under proper pH conditions, trivalent cations, and to some extent divalent cations, are effective in precipitating humic substances from very dilute solutions monovalent cations are generally effective only at relatively high particle concentrations. 

Various factors affect solubility. For example, most solids are more soluble at higher temperatures than at lower ones, as shown in the graph below, which plots solubility versus Celsius temperature for a number of solutes. 

House, J. E. (2007). Principles of Chemical Kinetics, 2nd ed. Elsevier/Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapters 5 and 9 contain discussions of factors affecting reactions in solution and the influence of solubility parameter of the solvent on reaction rates. 

Room temperature ionic liquids have potential as extractants in recovery of butyl alcohol from fermentation broth water solubility in ionic liquid and ionic liquid solubility in water are important factors affecting selectivity of butyl alcohol extraction from aqueous solutions (Fadeev and Meagher, 2001). 

Howat, G. R. and Wright, N. C. 1937. Factors affecting the solubility of milk powders. III. Some physico-chemical properties of concentrated solutions of milk solids. J. Dairy Res. 5, 236-244. 

Another property of proteins which is important in the understanding of the limits of their catalytic activity, as well as being useful in their recovery, is solubility. The solubility of globular proteins in aqueous solution is enhanced by weak ionic interactions, including hydrogen bonding between solute molecules and water. Therefore, any factor which interferes with this process must influence solubility. Electrostatic interactions between protein molecules will also affect solubility, since repulsive forces will hinder the formation of insoluble aggregates08. ... 

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