Solubilities, of noble gases

FIGU RE 6.3 Solubility of noble gases in water as a function of polarizability. 

Figure 9,15 Solubility of noble gases in silicate melts as a function of kinetic radius of gaseous molecule (A) and temperature (B). Ordinate axis in part A natural logarithm of Henry s constant in part B, natural logarithm of equilibrium constant. Reprinted from G. Lux, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 51, 1549-1560, copyright 1987, with kind permission from Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington 0X5 1GB, UK.

The solubility of noble gases in silicate melts obeys Henry s law but varies markedly with the chemistry and physical properties of the melt it increases with the... 

Smith, S. P., Kennedy, B. M. (1983) The solubility of noble gases in water and NaCl brine. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47, 503-15. 

Zaikowski, A., Schaeffer, O. A. (1979) Solubility of noble gases in serpentine Imphcations for meteoritic noble gas abundance. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 45, 141-5. 

Lancet, M. S., Anders, E. Solubilities of noble gases in magnetite Implications for planetary gases in meteorites. Preprint 1972. 

The solubility of noble gases in various solutions (often aqueous-nonaqueous mixtures) gives indications of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic effects (Fig. 2.68). When substances exhibiting both effects are present, there is a maximum in the solubility of argon. Thus (Fig. 2.68, curve 1) in the system water-acetone, no hydrophilic effects are caused by the added solvent component, and the solubility increases. On the other hand, for systems in which urea is added, there are no hydrophobic effects and the solubility or the gas therefore deaeases. In curve 2 of Fig. 2.68, hydrophilic and hydrophobic effects compete (due to the properties of acetamide in water) and there is a maximum on the curve. 

Differences in solubility in silicate melts may create noble gas elemental fractionations. Since the solubility of noble gases in silicate melts decreases with increasing atomic radius, partitioning into exsolved C02-rich vapor at shallower depths will preferentially deplete the heavy noble gases in the melt. If the vapor subsequently reaches the atmosphere while the melt crystallizes and returns to the... 

Liquid-liquid In a similar fashion the relative change in the [i]/[Ar] ratio in a liquid-liquid system can be assessed. For example, the high solubility of noble gases in oil relative to water can potentially result in significant and distinct fractionation of the noble gases where equilibrium has occurred between these two phases. Following Bosch and Mazor (1988), the [i]/[Ar] ratio in the oil phase, ([i]/[Ar])oii, is related to the original... 

Kharaka YK and Specht DJ (1988) The solubility of noble gases in cmde oil at 25-100°C. Appl Geochem 3 137-144... 

Smith GD, Newhall F, Robinson LH, Swanson D (1964) Soil temperature regimes Their characteristics and predictability. U S Dept Agricul, Soil Conservation Service Report SCS-TP-144 Smith SP, Keimedy BM (1983) Solubility of noble gases in water and in NaCl brine. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 47 503-515... 

Table 1.9 The solubilities of noble gases and some other gaseous small molecules in water at 25 °C (partial pressure of the gas is 1 atm). (From Wilhelm et al. 1977)...

Kinoshita M, Hirata F (1997) Analysis of salt effects on solubility of noble gases in water using the reference interaction site model theory. J Chem Phys 106 5202-5215... 

III-23. The usual, conservative, approach is to neglect the solubility of noble gases in the pool water. However, a significant fraction of the iodine and caesium will be retained in the pool water. The release of iodine into the atmosphere above the pool may best be described in terms of a partition coefficient (the ratio of the volumetric activity concentrations (Bq/m ) in air and in water). For that part of the iodine present in organic compounds such as methyl iodine no solubility in water is conservatively assumed in many States. 

Grimes WR, Smith NV, Watson GM (1958) Solubility of noble gases in molten fluorides. 1. In mixtures of NaF- ZrF4 (53-47 mole %) and NaF- ZrF4- UF4 (50-46-4 mole %). J Phys... 

Physical solubility appears to arise from the concept that a molten salt structure contains voids or so-called holes. Reiss et applying concepts from fluid mechanics, calculated an expression for the work necessary to create a spherical cavity in a real fluid. This work was then taken to represent the energy for the dissolution of a gas molecule in a liquid. Solubilities of noble gases, such as helium in benzene, appeared to satisfy the predictions from the model. 

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