Solid-state light emitting cells

Figure 16.6 Schematic picture of a solid-state light-emitting electrochemical cell. (See the color version of this figure in Color Plates section.)...

Figure 16.6 Schematic picture of a solid-state light-emitting electrochemical cell.

A diagram of their detector is shown in figure 21. The UV adsorption system consists of a low pressure mercury lamp emitting light at 254 nm and a solid state photo cell with quartz windows allowing the photo cell to respond to light in the UV region. 

Materials development and synthesis is another important dual-use type of chemistry. Developments over the past few decades include a number of elec-troitic materials and their processing, fuel cells and batteries, photoresist and semiconductor synthesis, high-performance composites (structural components) and nanocomposite materials, colloidal nanoparticle technology, solid-state lasers, and light-emitting diodes. 

Deep-level states play an important role in solid-state devices through their behavior as recombination centers. For example, deep-level states are tmdesirable when they facilitate electronic transitions that reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. In other cases, the added reaction pathways for electrons result in desired effects. Electroluminescent panels, for example, rely on electronic transitions that result in emission of photons. The energy level of the states caused by introduction of dopants determines the color of the emitted light. Interfacial states are believed to play a key role in electroluminescence, and commercieil development of this technology will hinge on understanding the relationship between fabrication techniques and tile formation of deep-level states. Deep-level states also influence the performance of solid-state varistors. 

Abstract Recent advances in fluorene-based conjugated oligomers are surveyed, including molecular design, material synthesis and characterization, and potential application to organic photonics and electronics, such as light-emitting diodes, solid-state lasers, field effect transistors, and solar cells. 

One idea to realize a pin junction with conjugated polymers is to create it in situ by electrochemical doping. By using the conjugated polymer in a solid state electrochemical cell, the production of bipolar light-emitting pin junction devices can be realized [69, 70]. 

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