Solid-phase fractionation

Figure 6.19. Distribution of Mn in solid-phase fractions in Israeli soils. Soils were incubated at the saturated paste regime (after Han and Banin, 1996. Reprinted from Soil Sci Soc Am J, 60, Han F.X., Banin A., Solid-phase manganese fractionation changes in saturated arid-zone soils Pathways and kinetics, p 1075, Copyright (1996), with permission from Soil Sci Soc Am)...

Figure 6.20. Distribution of Mn in solid-phase fractions in Israeli soils. Soils were incubated at the field capacity regime...

The initial transformations of Co among solid-phase fractions in two arid soils during incubation were concomitant with changes in Eh and pH. A rapid initial stage of transformation of Co was observed, mainly from the ERO fraction, and to some extent, from the RO and the OM fractions to the CARB fraction. Transformation pathways of Co followed those of Mn in the soils during incubation (Fig. 6.29). Most of the changes were completed within three days in the sandy soil, but these changes lasted 18 days in the... 

Figure 6.28. Initial changes of Co concentrations in the main solid-phase fractions of two Israeli arid soils. Soils were incubated under the saturated paste regime (after Han et al., 2002b. Reprinted from J Environ Sci Health, Part A, 137, Han F.X., Banin A., Kingery W.L., Li Z.P., Pathways and kinetics of transformation of cobalt among solid-phase components in arid-zone soils, p 188, Copyright (2003), with permission from Taylor Francis).

Dowson and coworkers studied partitioning and sorptive behavior of tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products, dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) in the aquatic environment107. The determination of the sorptive behavior of TBT is necessary in order to understand its fate in freshwater and estuary environments. The results indicate that MBT and TBT in freshwater will be partitioned to a lesser extent towards the particulate phase, whereas DBT exhibits a 50 50 partitioning between the particulate and solution phases. In estuary waters, MBT will almost exclusively be adsorbed on the particulates, while TBT will be predominantly in the solid-phase fractions but 10-30% may remain in solution. DBT, in contrast, is solubilized in estuary waters. The order of adsorption to particulate matter for butyltins is MBT > TBT > DBT107. 

Courchesne, F., Seguin, V., and Dufresne, A. (2001). Solid phase fractionation of metals in the rhizosphere of forest soils. In Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere, ed. Gobran, G. R., Wenzel, W. W., and Lombi, E., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 189-206. 

The specific solid-phase fraction that is immediately available to a plant is dependent on the microenvironment conditions of the soil rhizosphere, which... 

The distribution of solid-phase fractions of Cu, Zn, and Cd of a few typical surface soils of South Australia, carried out following the fractionation scheme, is presented in Figures 11.3 and 11.4. The trace elements in these soils are dominantly (on an average 40% of Cu, 52.4% of Zn, and 33.4% of Cd) associated with the alumnosilicate mineral lattices, identified as residual fraction in the scheme, followed by the fraction associated with organic sites (on average, 32.4% of Cu, 28.0% of Zn, and 28.5% of Cd)... 

The solid-phase fractionation of Cd in the soils incubated with 10 mg Cd kg soil was arrived at following the procedure outhned by Krishnamurti and Naidu (2000). The values in parentheses shown under the different parameters in the multivariate model are the level of significance of respective parameters. 

Fig. 4.2 SMR process, a area phase fraction, b gas phase velocity, and c gas phase temperature. Reprinted from Solsvik et al. [140]. Copyright 2013 American Chemical Society (a) Solid phase fraction, ad = Cj (b) Gas phase velocity, Vc = Vg (c) Gas phase temperature, Tc = Tg...

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