Solid forms/quantities

Listing of solid wastes, quantities, analyses and physical form (e.g. solid, slurry, suspension, sludge) toxicity and flammability. Checking the reliability and legality of waste disposal options, including any transportation offsite. Record keeping. 

OB to C02 -54,3%, mp explds at approx 1S4°, hygr crysts. Prepd by dissolving m-nitroaniline in an excess of dil perchloric acid (d 1.12g/cc), the excess being such that, at the end of the reaction, free acid is present. A sufficient quantity nf Na nitrite in solid form or in a sstd soLp. is added to effect diazotization. The mixt is cooled during the Na nitrite addition ,... 

Na (g) + Cl (g) NaCK. ) A -calculated - - 769 kJ/mol This Is the energy released when the solid forms from separated gaseous ions. The reverse process, in which an ionic solid decomposes into gaseous ions, is termed the lattice energy (LE) and is a positive quantity ... 

More recently, Brauns and Seiler (12), (13) extracted native lignin from spruce wood and then homogenized the wood in a colloidal mill. A suspension of approximately one gram of colloidal wood per liter of water was obtained. After the colloidal wood was changed to a solid form, it was found that its cell structure was completely destroyed. However, extraction of this wood with ethyl alcohol at room temperature did not yield further quantities of native lignin. These investigators have also reported the isolation of a lignosulfonic acid-carbohydrate compound. 

A thorough understanding of the hydration profile for a solid forming a crystal hydrate is important for several reasons. First, since an anhydrate and hydrate(s) are distinct thermodynamic species, they will have different physical-chemical properties (e.g., solubility) that may affect bioavailability. Second, a desired hydrate species can be formed and used (and retained) simply by controlling the desired, established environmental conditions. Third, since significant quantities of water can be sorbed/liberated as a hydrate becomes hydrated/dehydrated, the physical-chemical properties of the immediate system (including other nearby solids) can be markedly affected. 

If the sample is in liquid form, dissolve a volume representing approximately 15,000 International Units in sufficient chloroform to make 10 mL of Sample Solution. If the sample is in solid form, weigh a quantity representing approximately 15,000 International Units, place in a separator, add 75 mL of water, heat, if necessary, to dissolve the carrier, and cool. Shake vigorously for 1 min, extract with 10 mL of chloroform by shaking for 1 min, and centrifuge to clarify the chloroform extract. 

Procedure Unless otherwise directed, add the specified quantity of the substance, finely powdered if in solid form, in small portions to the comparison container, which is made of colorless glass resistant to the action of sulfuric acid and contains the specified volume of 95% Sulfuric Acid. 

Meat extracts. Completely remove liquid and semiliquid preparations including sediment from the container, and mix thoroughly, warming if necessary. Grind in a mortar, a representative quantity of products in solid form. 

To our method for producing macroscopic quantities of Cm, we have added a method for concentrating it in pure solid form. Analyses including mass spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction leave little doubt that we have produced a solid material that apparently has not been reported previously. We call the solid fullerite as a simple extension of the shortened term fullerene, which has been applied to the large cage-shaped molecules typified by buckminsterfullerene (Cm). The various physical and chemical properties of C o can now be measured and speculations concerning its potential uses can be tested. ... 

The scale can be increased. In a typical experiment the solid formed in the cell during electrolysis is collected and further quantities are obtained by adding petroleum ether dropwise to the filtrate . ... 

In the absence of zirconium, a plutonium-molybdenum compound can be precipitated from nitric acid solutions. The presence of zirconium in the same solution is detrimental to formation of this material, as zirconium molybdate is formed preferentially. However, the amount of Pu molybdate solids that form is a function of hydrogen ion concentrations at 1M HN03 or less, solids form but at higher acid concentrations the quantity of precipitate decreases. At 3M HN03 solids are just barely detectable. 

The O2 molecule can be ionized by PtFg to the dioxygenyl ion, OJ, which exists in 02PtFg, a red crystalline solid formed directly from equimolar quantities of... 

Intuitively, it is straightforward to see that the amount of sorbed molecules forming a dense monolayer on the surface of a solid can be used to calculate its specific surface area, A. Normalized to the mass of a solid, this quantity is termed monolayer capacity and is defined as the amount of adsorbate that can be accommodated in a completely filled single molecular layer, a monolayer, on the surface of one gram of solid. It is related to the specific surface area A (m /g) by the simple equation ... 

NOTE.—It is often advisable to prepare esters from salts rather than from the free acids. The salts can be more readily obtained in an anhydrous condition and, being solids, smaller quantities can be handled conveniently. In the preparation of esters from salts, enough sulphuric acid must be added to liberate the organic acid equal molecular quantities must be used, since add sulphates are formed. A small excess of sulphuric acid should be present to act as a catalytic agent. Enough of the alcohol is used to interact with both the organic acid and the excess of sulphuric acid. 

We often use solutions to supply the reactants for chemical reactions. Solutions allow the most intimate mixing of the reacting substances at the molecular level, much more than would be possible in solid form. (A practical example is drain cleaner, shown in the photo.) We sometimes adjust the concentrations of solutions to speed up or slow down the rate of a reaction. In this section we study methods for expressing the quantities of the various components present in a given amount of solution. 

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