Solid air fresheners

Figure 13.2 Aerosol formation due to ozone reactions with terpene emitted from a solid air-freshener in a large laboratory chamber. Adapted from (Sarwar et al., 2004).

Uses Detergent, wetting agent, solubilizer, dispersant, micro-emulsifier for laundry prods., hard surf, cleaners, industrial specialties, solid air fresheners, toilet blocks, pesticides/herbicides agric. adjuvant for water disp. systems dispersant for aq. coatings and inks Properties Clear liq. oil-sol. pH 2.5 (10% aq.) surf. tens. 34.5 dynes/cm (0.01%) Ross-Miles foam 105 mm (0.1%, 40 C, initial) anionic 90 3% solids... 

In addition to dry ice, mothballs and certain solid air fresheners also go through the process of sublimation. The reverse of sublimation is deposition — going directly from a gaseous state to a solid state... 

Paradichlorobenzene, a common ingredient in solid air fresheners, contains only C. H, and Cl and has a molar mass of about 147 g. Given that combustion of 1.68 g of this compound produces 3.02 g COi and 0.412 g H2O, determine its empirical and molecular formulas. 

You can buy solid air-fresheners in shops. Do you think these substances are ionic or covalent Why ... 

Solid air fresheners are an example of a sustained-release gel. Fragrance evaporation is strongly influenced by ambient temperature. In particular, the temperature inside a car in the sun can be extremely high, which causes problems for car air firesheners. Improved air fiesheners have been developed using thermo-responsive gels [8]. This type of air freshener provides fragrance only when it is necessary. 

Uses Fragrance emulsifier and gellant for solid air fresheners Features Superior neresis control Use Level 5.0-6.5%... 

The process by which a solid changes directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid is called sublimation. Solid air fresheners and dry ice are examples of solids that sublime. At very low temperatures, ice will sublime in a short amount of time. This property of ice is used to preserve freeze-dried foods. 

Translating odor modifiers into consumer products results in forms, such as solids, liquids, and aerosols, for a market defined as products "for the nose," This includes products that cover up or eliminate odors, perfume the home, or cleanse the air. The categories of this market can be broken out as traditional air fresheners, cat litter products, aroma care, air purification, and disinfectant in both consumer and industrial applications. 

Real-World Reading Link Have you ever wondered where the matter in a soiid air freshener goes The day it is opened and put in a room, it is a solid, fragrant mass. Day-by-day, the solid gets smaller and smaller. Finally, almost nothing is left and it is time to put a new one out. You never observe a puddle of liquid like you would see if it had melted. 

It is apparent from these few examples that SPME is a modem alternative to current sample preparation technology and a powerful tool for the determination of volatile components in fragrance research. Our studies have indicated that solid-phase microextraction is far superior to most conventional extraction methods for the analysis of toilet waters, soaps, shower gels, deodorants, shampoos, fabric softeners, lipsticks, air freshener, detergents and household cleaning products, and is also well suited to investigate fragrance profiles from flowers or essential oils. 

Aeration The process of adding air to water. In wastewater treatment, air is added to freshen wastewater and to keep solids in suspension. 

---