Solar backscattered ultraviolet

SBUV Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Ozone Experiment ST, TR, profiles 0, Nimbus-7 (1979-90)... 

This instrument concept was developed and resulted in the SBUV (Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet) and TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) being launched aboard Nimbus 7 (Heath et al., 1975). The second generation SBUV instrument (SBUV-2) was further improved and has been flown by NOAA on a series of satellites (Frederick et al., 1986) (Table 1). 

Heath, D.F., A.J. Krueger, H.A. Roeder and B.D. Henderson (1975) The solar backscatter ultraviolet and total ozone mapping spectrometer (SBUV/TOMS) fbrNimbus-G. Optical Engineering 14 323-332. 

Hilsenrath, E., R.P. Cebula, M.T. Deland, K. Laamann, S. Taylor, C. Wellemeyer and P.K. Bhartia (1995) Calibration of the NOAA-11 solar backscatter ultraviolet (SBUV/2) ozone data set from 1989 to 1993 using in-flight calibration data and SSBUV. Journal of Geophysical Research 100 1351-1366. 

Measurements of the gaseous sulfur dioxide released were obtained with the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS Krueger, 1983) and with the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (SBUV Heath et d., 1983), both carried on the Nimbus 7 satellite. Three instruments on board the Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) also revealed features of the cloud the Infrared Radiometer measured the thermal emission from the aerosols, while the Visible and Near Infrared Spectrometers measured the backscat-tered solar radiation. The three instruments are limbscanning and view the atmosphere along the track of the sunsynchronous polar orbit (Barth et d., 1983 Thomas et d., 1983). Ground based and airborne spectro-photometric measurements of sulfur dioxide have also been carried out (Evans and Kerr, 1983). 

Bhartia, P.K., K.F. Klenk, A.J. Fleig, C.G. Wellemeyer, and D. Gordon, Intercomparison of Nimbus 7 Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet ozone profiles with rocket, balloon, and umkehr profiles. J Geophys Res 89, 5227, 1984. 

FIGURE 4.1 Total column ozone (60° N to 60° S) from January 1979 to May 1994 measured by the solar backscattered ultraviolet spectrometer (World Meteorological Organization, 1994). The solid line is a least squares fit to the data through May 1991. The dashed line is an extrapolation through May 1994. The annual cycle and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) have been removed. 

Satellite observations have added much to our understanding of the morphology of atmospheric ozone, both in terms of its altitude profile and total column density (see Box 5.3). For example, early observations by the Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (BUV) on board Nimbus 4, as well as by the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS), and the Solar and Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (SBUV) on board Nimbus 7 led to the first global view of the distribution of ozone... 

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